Abstract: Necrotizing enterocolitis can cause gastrointestinal emergencies and dysfunction in newborns， especially in children with congenital heart disease， in whom the incidence of NEC is relatively high. This article describes the research progress in the etiology， mechanism and intestinal protection of effective components of breast milk in children with congenital heart disease at home and abroad， analyzes and summarizes the obstacles to breastfeeding in children with congenital heart disease， and proposes intervention strategies， aiming to provide clinical practice references for medical staff in this specialty.

Key words: congenital heart disease, breastfeeding, necrotizing enterocolitis

摘要： 坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）会造成新生儿胃肠道急症和功能障碍，尤其是先天性心脏病患儿并发NEC的发生率相对较高。该文通过阐述国内外在先天性心脏病并发NEC的病因、机制和母乳有效成分对肠道保护中的研究进展，分析总结母乳喂养在先天性心脏病患儿中实施的障碍因素，提出干预性策略，旨在为专科领域研究的医护人员提供临床实践参考。

关键词: 先天性心脏病, 母乳喂养, 坏死性小肠结肠炎