Abstract: Severe pneumonia is the main cause of death in children under 5 years of age worldwide. Early identification of risk factors of severe pneumonia and intervention treatment can greatly reduce the mortality of severe pneumonia. It will make sense to pediatricians of primary clinics for establishing a clinically feasible evaluation system for severe pneumonia and standardizing the diagnosis and treatment path of children's pneumonia. This expert consensus based on clinical practice， combined with feasible laboratories， image indicators， and the application of pediatric early warning scoring models. It is intended to help pediatricians of primary clinics to judge and treat the severe pneumonia early， transport dangerous patients so as to achieve a higher cure success rate.

Key words: severe pneumonia, early warning, clinical decision , child

摘要： 重症肺炎是全球5岁以下儿童病死的主要原因，早期识别重症肺炎的危险因素并及时预防和治疗，可以有效地降低其病死率。建立临床可行的重症肺炎评估体系，规范肺炎诊疗路径，对基层儿科将有积极指导意义。该共识旨在从临床实践出发，结合可行的实验室、影像学检查等指标，推荐简易便捷的预警评分模型，帮助基层医生对重症肺炎的危险患儿早判断、早治疗、早转运，以期提高救治成功率，并为合理配置医疗资源提供指导。

关键词: 重症肺炎, 预警, 临床决策, 儿童