关键词: 过敏性鼻炎, 儿童, 诊治

Abstract: Allergic rhinitis（AR） is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases in children. In clinical practice, the issues related to its diagnosis and treatment frequently arise in children，often leading to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. Due to the lack of standardized management and health education，the children and their parents often have insufficient understanding of the nature of AR and are not clear about the appropriate process of medication and immunotherapy. This lack of understanding contributes to many problems，such as withdrawal of medication earlier，decongestant abuse，blind medication，glucocorticoid phobia，immunotherapy fear or lack of confidence in immunotherapy，refusing treatment if the disease cannot be cured，etc., which result in poorly controlled AR symptoms, and negatively impact the children’s quality of life，learning and sleep and their growth and development，and may even lead to psychological and behavioral issues in children. These issues can be harmful to the physical and mental health of the children and impose a disease burden on families and society. Targeting the common problems in clinical diagnosis, treatment and management, this article summarizes the diagnosis，treatment and management regimens of AR in children，aiming to provide reference for otolaryngologists and primary pediatricians in the standardized diagnosis and treatment of AR in children.

Key words: allergic rhinitis, child, diagnosis and treatment