关键词: 免疫调节剂, 呼吸系统疾病, 专家共识, 儿童

Abstract: More and more attention has been paid to the role of immunomodulators in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases in children. There are a wide variety of immunomodulators with various mechanisms， their clinical efficacy needs to be further verified， and high-quality research evidence needs to be substantiated. In order to further standardize the rational use of immunomodulators，the Clinical Pharmacology Group of the Pediatrics Branch of the Chinese Medical Association，together with the editorial board of the Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics，has invited clinical experts in children's respiratory，immune，infection，allergy，otolaryngology and other disciplines to formulate The Expert Consensus on the Rational Use of Immunomodulators for Common Respiratory Diseases in Children based on clinical practice and evidence-based medicine to systematically summarize the mechanism of commonly used immunomodulators and the clinical evidence，usage and dosage etc. in common childhood respiratory diseases. Six consensus opinions have been put forward concerning their application in common respiratory diseases such as childhood asthma，recurrent respiratory infection，pneumonia，chronic sinusitis and allergic rhinitis，aiming at guiding pediatricians to use immunomodulators scientifically and reasonably. 

Key words: immunomodulators, respiratory diseases, expert consensus, child