关键词: 儿童, 呼吸系统, 解剖学, 生理学, 呼吸康复

Abstract: Pulmonary rehabilitation is an important comp-onent of the treatment for adult respiratory diseases. When pulmonary rehabilitation is used in children，considerations should be given to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of children's respiratory system that are different from adults，based on which appropriate rehabilitation assessment and therapies for children should be used. Children，especially infants and young children，whose respiratory system is not yet fully developed，have significant differences from adults in anatomy and physiology. In diseases and even in normal conditions，they are more prone to airway obstruction and difficulty in breathing. This article mainly elaborates on the anatomical and physiological characteristics of children's respiratory system，as well as some aspects that need payingattention toinchildren's pulmonary rehabilitationtreatment, aiming to provide certain references forchildren's pulmonary rehabilitationin clinical practice.

Key words: child, respiratory system, anatomy, physiology, pulmonary rehabilitation