关键词: 肝功能异常, 儿童, 胆汁淤积, 鉴别诊断

Abstract: Abnormal liver function is one of the most common and clinically challenging findings in pediatric practice. The etiologies are diverse, encompassing infections, genetics and metabolism, immunity, abnormal structure, and drugs. Different from adults, the spectrum of pediatric liver diseases changes significantly with age, and clinical manifestations are often various. Determining the diagnostic direction amid complex laboratory abnormalities and non-specific symptoms  remains a major challenge in clinical practice. Based on recent domestic and international research progress as well as clinical experience, this review outlines a clinical diagnostic approach to pediatric liver dysfunction, beginning with abnormal biochemical patterns and integrating age-specific etiologic features. Particular emphasis is placed on timely recognition of severe conditions, rational sequencing of examinations, and attention to follow-up in order to provide practical reference for clinical work.

Key words: liver dysfunction, children, cholestasis, differential diagnosis