中国实用儿科杂志

中国实用儿科杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 833-837.DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2025100608

• 专题笔谈 • 上一篇    下一篇

儿童自身免疫性脑炎的诊治

  

  1. 国家儿童医学中心（上海）复旦大学附属儿科医院重症医学科，上海  201102
  • 出版日期:2025-10-06 发布日期:2025-11-12
  • 通讯作者: 陆国平，电子信箱：13788904150@163.com

Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune encephalitis in children

  1. Department of Critical Care Medicine，Children’s Hospital of Fudan University，National Children’s Medical Center，Shanghai 201102，China
  • Online:2025-10-06 Published:2025-11-12

摘要：

自身免疫性脑炎（autoimmune encephalitis，AE）是一类由自身免疫机制导致脑实质弥漫性或者多发性炎性病变进而引发神经功能障碍的疾病。AE 合并相关肿瘤者，称为副肿瘤性 AE；而副肿瘤性 AE 中符合边缘性脑炎者，称为副肿瘤性边缘性脑炎。儿童 AE 临床表现复杂多样，在临床疾病谱、伴随肿瘤的发生率、临床表现、疾病过程、治疗疗效、最终预后等方面与成人 AE 有很大不同。文章概述近年来儿童 AE 诊治相关研究进展，旨在引起临床医生对 AE 的重视并为临床诊治提供参考。

关键词:

Abstract:

Autoimmune encephalitis（AE）is a disease in which autoimmune mechanisms lead to diffuse or multiple inflammatory lesions in the brain parenchyma，resulting in neurological dysfunction. AE combined with related tumors are called paraneoplastic AEs，and the paraneoplastic AE that is consistent with limbic encephalitis is called paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis.The clinical manifestations of pediatric AEs are complex and diverse，and they are very different from adult AEs in terms of clinical disease spectrum，incidence of concomitant tumors，clinical manifestations，disease process，treatment efficacy，and final prognosis. This article summarizes the research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of AEs in children in recent years，aiming to arouse the attention of clinicians to AEs and provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: