中国实用儿科杂志

中国实用儿科杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 827-833.DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2025100607

• 专题笔谈 • 上一篇    下一篇

病毒感染相关性脑病的诊治

  

  1. 南京医科大学附属儿童医院急诊/重症医学科，江苏  南京  210008
  • 出版日期:2025-10-06 发布日期:2025-11-12
  • 通讯作者: 缪红军，电子信箱：jun848@126.com

Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of viral infection-associated encephalopathy

  1. Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit（PICU） and Emergency Medicine，Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University，Nanjing  210008，China
  • Online:2025-10-06 Published:2025-11-12

摘要：

病毒感染相关性脑病是指在病毒感染急性期或其后出现的一组急性脑功能障碍综合征，目前国内外尚缺乏统一共识。近年来，随着影像学和免疫学认识的进展，急性坏死性脑病（ANE）等亚型逐渐明确。其共同机制包括异常的免疫炎症和脑细胞微环境改变。临床实践中应重视早期识别，可采用免疫调节、血液净化、脑保护等支持治疗，该类疾病预后与亚型密切相关。文章结合儿童病例特点，探讨其病因机制、临床表现、影像学特征和治疗进展，以提高识别与干预效率。

关键词:

Abstract: Viral infection-associated encephalopathy refers to a group of acute brain dysfunction syndromes that occur during or following viral infections，on which no unified international consensus currently exists.In recent years，with advances in the understanding of imaging and immunology，subtypes such as acute necrotizing encephalopathy（ANE）have been gradually recognized. These disorders share common mechanisms，including abnormal immune-inflammatory responses and disturbances in the cerebral microenvironment.In clinical practice，early identification is crucial，and supportive treatment typically involves immunomodulation，blood purification，and neuroprotection.Prognosis varies significantly among different subtypes. Based on the characteristics of pediatric cases， this review explores the pathogenesis，clinical features，imaging characteristics and treatment progress to increase efficiency in recognition and intervention.

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