Abstract:

Thoracoscopy has a high diagnostic and therapeutic value in adult pleural cavity diseases and it is safe and effective. However，in our country  thoracoscopy  is applied in children later and the experience is less than in the adult. Thoracoscopy is mainly used for the diagnosis and treatment of the children’s pleural cavity diseases，such as  pyothorax，tuberculous pleurisy，pneumothorax, hemothorax，chylothorax，pleural cavity mass，and pleural cavity foreign body，et al. This paper introduces the classification and development history of thoracoscopy and its clinical application in children with pleural cavity diseases.

Key words: thoracoscope, child, pleural cavity disease

摘要：

胸腔镜在成人胸膜腔疾病中有很高的诊断和治疗价值， 是一种安全有效的手段。但在我国儿童人群中应用较成人起步晚、 经验少。胸腔镜主要用于儿童脓胸、 结核性胸膜炎、 气胸、 血胸、 乳糜胸、 胸膜腔肿物、 胸膜腔异物等胸膜腔疾病的诊断和治疗， 该文介绍了胸腔镜的分类及发展历史、 胸腔镜技术在儿童胸膜腔疾病中的临床应用现状及展望。

关键词: 胸腔镜, 儿童, 胸膜腔疾病