Abstract:

Pneumonia is still the leading cause of death in children younger than 5 years old worldwide. The infection caused by the virus and / or bacteria which cause pneumonia frequently can be prevented by vaccine immunization. Such pathogens include influenza virus, measles virus, Bordetella pertussis, Haemophilus influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae. It has been well demonstrated that immunizing children with these vaccines can prevent pneumonia and decrease the following death.

Key words: pneumonia, vaccine, immunization, child

摘要：

肺炎仍然是全球5岁以下儿童死亡的最常见原因。通过疫苗接种，可以特异性预防常见的导致肺炎的病毒和（或）细菌感染，病原包括流感病毒、麻疹病毒、百日咳杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌和肺炎链球菌。研究已经证明，儿童免疫接种这些疫苗可有效预防肺炎，减少其导致的死亡。

关键词: 肺炎, 疫苗, 接种, 儿童