Abstract: Tracheal malformation is rare compared with other respiratory diseases，but it can affect the growth and development of children，and even endanger life，which is an important content of diagnosis and treatment in respiratory department of children. With the wide application of bronchoscopy and airway reconstruction in pediatrics，the diagnosis rate of airway malformation in children is gradually increasing. In recent years，with the development of minimally invasive medicine of respiratory endoscope，the new broncho scopic intervention techniques have been gradually used in clinic，so children can get timely and effective diagnosis and treatment，and great progress has been made in treatment. This article briefly reviews the existing techniques to help clinicians apply these minimally invasive techniques.

Key words: respiratory intervention technique, child, tracheal development malformation

摘要： 气管发育畸形相对其他呼吸系统疾病并不多见，但可影响患儿生长发育，甚至危及生命，是儿童呼吸科重要诊治内容。随着支气管镜术及气道重建技术在儿科的广泛应用，小儿气道发育畸形诊断率逐渐增高。近年来，随着呼吸内镜微创医学的发展，新型支气管镜介入技术已逐渐用于临床，使患儿获得及时有效的诊治，在治疗上有很大进展。文章将现有的技术进行简要综述以帮助临床医生应用这些微创技术。

关键词: 呼吸介入技术, 儿科, 气管发育畸形