Abstract:

Sepsis is one of important reasons for the death of children in intensive care unit. Although anti-infection and active symptomatic treatment are the key to treatment，whether nutrition support is rational and effective or not can also affect  clinical prognosis. Sepsis children are in stress status，so nutrition support needs to meet the demand for energy，protein and other nutrients without increasing the burden of organs. Although intestinal function is damaged because of systemic infection，enteral nutrition（EN） is still the first choice by actively creating conditions. If the EN is not enough，supplemental parenteral nutrition（PN） should be given. In the process of nutrition support，immune nutrients can be added to regulate immune function and attenuate inflammation.

Key words: sepsis, child, nutrition support, enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition

摘要：

脓毒症是重症监护室患儿死亡的重要原因之一，尽管抗感染和积极对症处理是治疗的关键，但是否能获得合理而有效的营养支持也是影响其临床预后的重要因素。脓毒症患儿处于应激状态，营养支持需在不增加脏器负担的基础下尽可能满足对能量和蛋白质等营养素的需求。尽管肠道功能常因全身感染的影响而受损，但营养支持方式仍应积极创造条件以首选肠内营养（EN），若EN无法满足，可给予补充性肠外营养（PN）。在营养支持过程中，可添加免疫营养素以调整患儿免疫功能、减轻炎症反应。

关键词: 脓毒症, 儿童, 营养支持, 肠内营养, 肠外营养