关键词: 肝细胞癌, 综合治疗, 转化治疗, 新辅助治疗

Abstract: As medical technology continues to advance, comprehensive treatment options for liver cancer are offering new hope to patients. During the whole process of liver cancer management, there are several key issues that surgeons must pay close attention to. Firstly, establishing more detailed criteria for identifying “potential candidates for conversion therapy” is crucial for selecting patients who are likely to benefit from this approach. By assessing patients’ liver function, tumor extent, and the presence of extrahepatic metastasis, it is possible to better determine which patients might respond favorably to conversion therapy. Secondly, devising personalized treatment plans based on the individual differences of patients is essential for optimizing therapeutic outcomes. These personalized approaches should consider the patient’s overall condition, the biological characteristics of the tumor, and the response to targeted therapy and immunotherapy. During conversion therapy, it is also critical to objectively evaluate treatment effectiveness and surgical safety. Combining imaging studies and tumor biomarkers in efficacy assessment can help predict patient response and surgical prognosis more accurately. However, the reliability of these methods in predicting pathological responses still requires further validation. At the surgical intervention stage, surgeons need to pay particular attention to the risk of postoperative liver failure and other complications. Utilizing 3D reconstruction and navigation technologies can significantly enhance surgical safety. Furthermore, implementing post-operative adjuvant therapy is vital for prolonging patients’ recurrence-free survival. For patients who do not successfully undergo conversion therapy, carefully planning subsequent treatment strategies is also crucial for improving outcomes. Comprehensive treatment provides more options and better survival prospects for patients with advanced liver cancer, but further optimization of treatment strategies is needed to ensure that patients achieve the best possible therapeutic outcomes and quality of life. These key issues in the management process are critical for improving liver cancer treatment efficacy and warrant in-depth investigation and attention from surgeons in clinical practice.

Key words: hepatocellular carcinoma, comprehensive treatment, conversion therapy, neoadjuvant therapy