中国实用外科杂志

中国实用外科杂志

• 专题笔谈 • 上一篇    下一篇

局部进展期甲状腺癌分子病理学特点

刘志艳，王    怡   

  1. 上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院病理科，上海200233
  • 出版日期:2023-08-01

  • Online:2023-08-01

摘要： 局部进展期甲状腺癌预后相对较差，严重影响病人生存质量。组织学类型上，局部进展期甲状腺癌包括甲状腺乳头状癌、弥漫浸润型滤泡癌、嗜酸细胞癌、低分化癌、高级别甲状腺髓样癌等。分子异常上，局部进展期甲状腺癌涉及早期驱动因子BRAF、RAS、RET等原癌基因的激活，导致MAPK信号通路、PI3K/AKT信号通路异常，从而使细胞异常增殖和迁移；及后期TP53基因、TERT启动子等的分子异常，导致癌细胞侵袭性增强、甚至去分化。

关键词: 局部进展期甲状腺癌, 分子特征, 病理学

Abstract: Genetic and pathological features of locally advanced thyroid cancer        LIU Zhi-yan,WANG Yi. Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
Corresponding author: LIU Zhi-yan, E-mail:zhiyanliu@shsmu.edu.cn
Abstract    The prognosis of locally advanced thyroid cancer is relatively poor, which seriously affects the life quality of the patients. Histologically, locally advanced thyroid cancer includes papillary thyroid carcinoma, widely invasive follicular cell carcinoma and oncocytic carcinoma, poorly differentiated carcinoma, high grade medullary thyroid carcinoma, etc. Locally advanced thyroid cancer involves the early driver changes of BRAF, RAS, and RET, which activates MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, leading to abnormal cell proliferation and migration. The most frequent “Late” changes are TP53 and TERT promoter mutations or alterations of the PI3K/PTEN/AKT pathway, which lead to the progression and differentiation of the carcinoma cells. 

Key words: locally advanced thyroid cancer, genetic features, pathology