关键词: 老年外科病人, 衰弱评估, 围手术期管理, 预后

Abstract: The acceleration of aging has made frailty a key factor influencing the prognosis of elderly surgical patients.The frailty significantly increaes the risk of postoperative complications, mortality, and adverse discharge outcomes. Therefore, identifying and assessing frailty during the perioperative period is crucial. Commonly used frailty assessment tools include the fried frailty phenotype, frailty index, clinical frailty scale, and comprehensive geriatric assessment. However, due to the complexity of these assessments and the lack of standardized criteria, their clinical application rate remains low. A "two-step screening" strategy using the geriatric screening tool-8 followed by the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment enables efficient and thorough evaluation of high-risk patients, facilitating precisely targeted interventions. Advances in artificial intelligence and molecular biology provide new opportunities for automating and personalizing frailty assessment, which could promote standardized application of frailty evaluation, further optimize the management of elderly surgical patients, and improve postoperative quality of life.

Key words: elderly surgical patients, frailty assessment, perioperative management, prognosis