Abstract:

Objective    To study the change pattern of heart rate（HR），blood pressure（BP）and blood oxygen saturation（SpO2）during tooth extraction in patients with hypertension and to provide reference for preventing cardial cerebral vascular accident during tooth extracting. Methods    Select one hundred hypertension patients at different ages who were going to get teeth extracted under ECG monitoring. Get a record of the change of HR，BP and SpO2 before anesthesia，in anesthesia，after anesthesia，in extraction and after extraction. Results    In the aspect of BP changes，the most obvious BP rising occurred in those who are over 75 years in anesthesia，especially the systolic pressure rising；in the aspect of HR changes，the most obvious HR rising was in extraction，secondly in and before anesthesia；in the aspect of SpO2 monitoring，there were no obvious changes between any age and any period. Conclusion    In extraction，hypertension patients' BP and HR change evidently，especially in anesthesia，secondly in extraction and before anesthesia. Therefore，what we need to do is to raise alertness and make prevention in those periods in order to avoid cardial cerebral vascular accident.

Key words: tooth extraction, hypertension, blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation

摘要：

目的    研究高血压患者拔牙过程中心率、血压及血氧饱和度的变化规律，为临床上预防高血压患者拔牙术中发生心脑血管意外提供依据。方法    选取2012年10月至2014年10月在第四军医大学口腔医院口腔外科需要进行拔牙操作的不同年龄段老年高血压患者100例，在心电监护下进行牙拔除术，分别在麻醉前、麻醉中、麻醉后、拔牙术中、拔牙术后记录患者血压、心率、血氧饱和度的变化。结果    在血压变化方面，麻醉中75岁以上的高血压患者血压升高最为明显，尤其以收缩压升高更为显著；在心率变化方面，拔牙术中心率升高最为明显，其次是麻醉中及麻醉前；血氧饱和度监测方面，不同年龄段患者在各个阶段并无显著性变化。结论    高血压患者在拔牙过程中血压与心率的波动较大，尤其以麻醉中最为明显，其次是拔牙术中及麻醉前，因此要在以上几个阶段提高警惕，做好预防，避免心脑血管意外的发生。

关键词: 拔牙, 高血压, 血压, 心率, 血氧饱和度