Abstract: Bones，as important human organs，require both bone formation and bone resorption to maintain their integrity. Cell-based therapy using mesenchymal stem cells（MSCs）to regulate bone remodeling may become a new target for the treatment of bone diseases. As a relatively accessible type of MSCs，oral MSCs（OMSCs）are characterized by good self-renewal and multipotent differentiation，and play multiple biological roles via cell-cell contact，paracrine secretion，and extracellular vesicles. This article reviews the biological characteristics of various OMSCs and their roles and mechanisms in tissue regeneration and bone remodeling.

Key words: oral mesenchymal stem cells, bone remodeling, bone formation, bone resorption, osteoblasts, osteoclasts

摘要： 骨骼是重要的人体器官，其完整性的维持需要骨形成和骨吸收共同参与。以间充质干细胞为基础的细胞疗法可调控骨重塑，可能成为骨组织疾病治疗的新靶点。口腔间充质干细胞因获取相对容易，具有良好的自我更新和多向分化潜能，并可通过细胞-细胞直接接触、旁分泌及细胞外囊泡等发挥多种生物学作用，在骨组织工程中被广泛关注。为此，文章就多种口腔间充质干细胞的生物学特性及其在组织再生和骨重塑中的作用和机制做一综述。

关键词: 口腔间充质干细胞, 骨重塑, 骨形成, 骨吸收, 成骨细胞, 破骨细胞