关键词: 阻生牙, 切牙, 尖牙, 正畸牵引, 临床疗效

Abstract: Impacted maxillary anterior teeth，primarily involving maxillary canines and central incisors，represent a common eruption disorder that significantly affects patients' oral function and aesthetic appearance. The combined approach of surgical exposure with orthodontic traction is a widely used clinical treatment，and the factors influencing its clinical effectiveness remain a key concern for orthodontists. This review systematically discusses the factors influencing orthodontic traction efficacy for impacted maxillary anterior teeth，focusing on patient age and gender，root morphology and developmental characteristics，position of impacted teeth，and periodontal lesions，aiming to provide references for clinical diagnosis and treatment of impacted maxillary anterior teeth and assist orthodontists to better identify potential risks during traction therapy in order to achieve optimized treatment outcomes.

Key words: impacted tooth, incisor, canine, orthodontic traction, clinical efficacy