中国实用口腔科杂志

中国实用口腔科杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (04): 235-239.

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

即刻种植的牙槽嵴早期改建

  

  1. 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院 北京协和医院口腔种植中心，北京  100730
  • 收稿日期:2012-01-02 修回日期:2012-03-27 出版日期:2012-04-15 发布日期:2012-05-16

  • Received:2012-01-02 Revised:2012-03-27 Online:2012-04-15 Published:2012-05-16

摘要：

目的    评述近十年来关于即刻种植后种植体周围牙槽嵴垂直向和水平向的早期改建的相关文献，为即刻种植提供可靠的临床指导。方法    使用MeSH主题词在PubMed上搜索2000-01-01至2011-12-30的电子英文文献，对相关的前瞻性研究和回顾性研究进行分析。结果    符合纳入标准的文献共10篇，其中9篇为前瞻性研究，1篇为回顾性研究。即刻种植无法阻止牙槽嵴的生理性改建，虽然不能减少牙槽嵴水平向吸收，但有可能减少牙槽嵴垂直向吸收。结论    在选择即刻种植的治疗方案时需要考虑到新鲜拔牙窝颊侧骨壁的厚度以及种植体植入应偏舌（腭）侧及牙槽嵴根方的位置，即刻种植后牙槽嵴垂直向吸收减少有利于软组织美学的形成。

关键词: 种植体, 新鲜拔牙窝, 牙槽嵴改建

Abstract:

Objective    To review the literatures and to analyze the early dimensional alteration of hard tissues that occur following immediate placement of implants. Methods    PubMed was searched from Jan. 2000 to Dec. 2011. Appropriate studies of data reported concerning the dimensional changes in alveolar height and width after immediate implant were included. Results    Independent screening of the titles and abstracts of 2747 PubMed papers resulted in 10 publications that met the eligibility criteria；analyze the 9 prospective and 1 retrospective studies. Immediate implant did not prevent the alveolar bone loss. Although immediate placement might reduce vertical resportion of crest bone，it did not reduce horizontal resorption. Conclusion    When considering the immediate installation of implants into the extraction socket，clinicians should consider the thickness of the buccal bony walls in the extraction sites and the vertical as well as the horizontal positioning of the implants into the sockets，as these factors will influence hard tissue changes during healing.

Key words: dental implant；fresh extraction socket；alveolar bone alteration