中国实用口腔科杂志

中国实用口腔科杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (2): 199-205.DOI: 10.19538/j.kq.2024.02.012

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

伴2型糖尿病牙周炎患者唾液菌群特征分析

孔境崧，王    敏，金伟秋，闫福华，李艳芬   

  1. 南京大学医学院附属口腔医院，南京市口腔医院，南京大学口腔医学研究所，江苏  南京  210008
  • 出版日期:2024-03-30 发布日期:2024-03-30
  • 基金资助:
    南京大学医学院附属口腔医院2015学科带头人后备人才资助项目（0223A202）；江苏省医学重点学科建设单位项目（JSDW202246）

  • Online:2024-03-30 Published:2024-03-30

摘要： 目的    分析伴2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes mellitus，T2DM）牙周炎患者的唾液菌群组成及多样性变化。方法 收集2022年3—12月于南京大学医学院附属口腔医院牙周病科就诊的18例血糖浓度在正常范围内的牙周炎患者（P组）及19例伴T2DM牙周炎患者（DP组）在非刺激状态下的全唾液样本，行16S rRNA高通量测序。通过α多样性分析、β多样性分析和线性判别分析效应量（linear discriminant analysis effect size，LEfSe）方法比较2组菌群多样性及组成差异，并分析代谢通路丰度差异，以及菌群丰度与空腹血糖浓度的相关性。结果    DP组Faith′s PD指数和Observed species指数显著高于P组，差异具有统计学意义（Z值分别为-3.130、-2.218，均P < 0.05）；而2组其他α多样性指数比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）。β多样性分析显示2组唾液菌群各自聚类且可明显区分。LEfSe分析结果显示，DP组中放线菌门等为显著优势菌，梭杆菌门、互养菌门等为P组的显著优势菌（均P < 0.05）。代谢通路分析结果显示，2组在葡萄糖氧化降解、多黏菌素抗性、氨基酸和胆碱酯酶代谢等通路丰度表达差异有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。放线菌门、梭杆菌门、互养菌门等丰度与空腹血糖浓度显著相关（均P < 0.05）。结论    相对于牙周炎患者，伴T2DM牙周炎患者唾液菌群组成及菌群代谢通路发生特征性改变，其可能与T2DM的发展相关。

关键词: 2型糖尿病, 慢性牙周炎, 唾液菌群, 16S rRNA

Abstract: Objective    To analyze the salivary microbiota composition and diversity changes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）and periodontitis. Methods    Whole saliva samples in a non-stimulated state were collected from 18 patients with periodontitis（P group）and 19 patients with periodontitis and T2DM（DP group）who visited the Department of Periodontology at the Nanjing Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing University from March to December 2022. The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was performed. The diversity and compositional differences between the two groups were compared using α-diversity analysis，β-diversity analysis，and linear discriminant analysis effect size（LEfSe）. Additionally，the differences in metabolic pathway abundance and the relationship between bacterial abundance and fasting blood glucose（FBG）concentration were analyzed. Results    Faith′s PD index and Observed species index in the DP group were significantly higher than those in the P group，with statistically significant differences（Z values were -3.130 and -2.218 respectively，both P < 0.05）. However，comparisons of other α-diversity indices between the two groups showed no statistical difference （all P > 0.05）. β-diversity analysis revealed distinct clustering of salivary microbiota in both groups. LEfSe analysis showed that Actinobacteria were significantly dominant in the DP group，while Fusobacteria and Synergistetesr were significantly dominant in the P group（all P < 0.05）. Metabolic pathway analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences in pathway abundance related to glucose oxidation，polymyxin resistance，amino acid metabolism，and cholinesterase metabolism（all P < 0.05）. Abundances of Fusobacteria，Actinobacteria，and Synergistetesr were significantly correlated with FBG（all P < 0.05）. Conclusion    Compared to periodontitis patients without T2DM，those with both conditions exhibit characteristic alterations in the composition of salivary microbiota and metabolic pathways of the microbiome. These changes might be associated with the progression of T2DM.

Key words: type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic periodontitis, salivary microbiota, 16S rRNA