中国实用口腔科杂志

中国实用口腔科杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (5): 539-545.DOI: 10.19538/j.kq.2022.05.006

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国口腔急诊建设现状的调查分析

刘    杨1，朱亚琴2，余东升3，雷    容1，黄    萍4，李    强1，陈永进1   

  1. 1. 军事口腔医学国家重点实验室，国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心，陕西省口腔疾病国际联合研究中心，第四军医大学口腔医院急诊与综合临床科，陕西  西安  710032；2. 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔综合科，上海 200011；3. 中山大学光华口腔医学院附属口腔医院综合急诊科，广东  广州 510060；4. 军事口腔医学国家重点实验室，国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心，陕西省口腔疾病临床医学研究中心，第四军医大学口腔医院检验科，陕西  西安  710032
  • 出版日期:2022-09-30 发布日期:2022-10-11

  • Online:2022-09-30 Published:2022-10-11

摘要： 目的    了解并分析我国口腔急诊规范化建设、口腔医护人员应急处置能力以及口腔急诊医学课程等情况。方法    于2022年6月采用线上问卷调查方式对全国708家口腔医疗机构的1638名口腔医护人员进行调查。结果    80.9%的医疗机构开设了口腔急诊业务；37.5%开设口腔急诊业务的医疗机构设有急救诊室，其中有66家是口腔专科医院，占所有口腔专科医院（115家）半数以上；57.5%的医疗机构有绿色通道和转诊流程，口腔专科医院中占比为78.3%（90/115）；配备椅旁救治所需基本药物和生命支持设备齐全的医疗机构分别占所调查医疗机构的6.6%和5.6%；口腔急诊常见疾病是急性牙髓炎（57.3%），其次是口腔颌面外伤（28.2%）和牙外伤（9.3%），晕厥、低血糖和高血压急症是较常见的3种口腔临床伴发急性全身性病症；所调查的医护人员中完全能够处置常见口腔临床伴发急性全身性病症者仅有39.7%，76.3%的医护人员认为开设口腔急诊课程非常必要，80.4%的医护人员认为应将口腔急诊课程设置为必修课程，但仅有21.6%医学院校开设口腔急诊医学课程。结论    口腔急诊的规范化建设亟待加强；口腔急诊急救培训工作发展迅速，但口腔医护人员的急诊急救处置能力仍需提高；口腔急诊医学教育是目前口腔急诊医学发展的瓶颈和短板，需要加快教材建设与教学普及。

关键词: 口腔急诊, 现状, 调查 

Abstract: Objective    To realize and analyze the current situations of standardized construction of stomatological emergency，dental personnel′s capacity in responding to medical emergency，and  stomatological emergency curriculum construction in China. Methods    The online questionnaire was given to 1638 dental personnels from 708 medical institutions in China in this study in June 2022. Results    About 80.9% of the medical institutions offered emergency service，of which 37.5% set up independent emergency rooms，and the proportion in the stomatological hospitals was 57.4%（66/115）. Around 57.5% of the medical institutions also set up green channel and referral procedure，and the proportion of that in stomatological hospitals was 78.3%（90/115）. However，medical institutions equipped with essential drugs and life support equipment for chairside first-aid accounted for 6.6% and 5.6%，respectively. In addition，the three most common diseases in stomatological emergency were acute pulpitis （57.3%），oral and maxillofacial trauma （28.2%） and dental trauma （9.3%），while syncope，hypoglycemia and hypertensive emergency were the three most common chairside medical emergencies. Nevertheless，only 39.7% of the surveyed dental personnels were able to completely handle common chairside medical emergencies. The proportion of dental personnels who considered it was necessary to offer the stomatological emergency course was 76.3%，and the proportion of dental personnels who considered the curriculum should be set as a compulsory one was 80.4%. However，only 21.6% medical college/universities offered stomatological emergency curriculum to the students. Conclusion    The standardized construction of stomatological emergency in China needs to be strengthened urgently. The first-aid training of stomatological emergency in China has developed rapidly，but the dental personnels′capacity in emergency disposal still needs to be improved. Stomatological emergency education is the present bottleneck and disadvantage limiting the development of stomatological emergency in China，and great efforts should be made to improve the teaching materials and popularize the education.

Key words: stomatological emergency, current situation, investigation