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02 June 2022, Volume 38 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Female fertility and its influencing factors.  ZONG Xuan, QIAO Jie 2022, 38(6): 580-585.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2022060102 Abstract ( )   Female fertility refers to the capacity to produce oocytes，achieve fertilization and become pregnant.There are many factors affecting fertility，in which age-related fertility decline is irreversible.Pathological factors influencing the function of the ovary，fallopian tube and uterus may accelerate the damage to fertility.Other factors include environment pollution，unhealthy lifestyle，social factors and psychophysiological factors.

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Assessment of female fertility.  GUO Wei, LI Rong 2022, 38(6): 585-589.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2022060103 Abstract ( )   Female fertility refers to the ability of women to produce oocytes，fertilize normally，and successfully give birth.An assessment of female fertility includes the ovarian reserve，structure and function of genital tract and systemic factors.This paper makes a review on the common methods used in the clinical evaluation of the above aspects.

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Important uterine diseases affecting female fertility and the mechanisms. YAN Lei, CHEN Zi-jiang 2022, 38(6): 589-593.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2022060104 Abstract ( )   A variety of benign gynecological diseases can affect female fertility.Local inflammation in chronic endometritis can lead to altered immune status and affect embryo implantation.Intrauterine adhesions and thin endometrium may also result in reduced endometrial receptivity due to insufficient normal endometrial tissue.Large uterine fibroids can reduce endometrial receptivity and increase the risk of infertility and miscarriage.Septata uterus can increase the risk of miscarriage and reduce female fertility.

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Ovarian and tubal diseases affecting female fertility. SUN Ying-pu, BU Zhi-qin 2022, 38(6): 593-596.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2022060105 Abstract ( )   Female fertility refers to the ability to produce healthy oocyte，to fertilize with sperm，and to carry a fetus till delivery.Important diseases affecting female fertility can be summarized as ovary-related diseases，tube-related diseases and uterus-related diseases.However，the mechanism of these diseases affecting female fertility is still unclear.Here we mainly summarize ovarian and tubal diseases affecting female fertility and the specific mechanism.We suggest that attention should be paid to the diseases affecting female fertility，and basic research should be carried out to support studies on female fertility preservation.

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Female fertility preservation technology. LIANG Xiao-yan, LI Jing-jie 2022, 38(6): 596-599.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2022060106 Abstract ( )   Significant decline in female fertility，delayed reproductive age，and increased incidence of cancer have all contributed to the development of and demand for fertility preservation technologies.Embryo freezing，egg freezing，and ovarian tissue freezing are all recommended fertility preservation techniques.According to their individual advantages of fertility preservation technologies and the actual needs of patients，individualized selection of fertility preservation technology is needed.In vitro maturation of oocytes and follicle culture technology are the expected development directions of fertility preservation technology.

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Clinical application of ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation for fertility preservation.  RUAN Xiang-yan, CHENG Jiao-jiao, DU Juan, GU Mu-qing 2022, 38(6): 599-604.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2022060107 Abstract ( )   In recent years，with the improving of diagnosis and anti-cancer treatment，the increased survival rate of cancer patients，and the opening of the national three-child policy，female fertility preservation has become a hot topic at home and abroad.Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation is the only fertility preservation method for pre-pubertal girls and young patients whose anti-cancer treatment cannot be delayed.This review mainly focuses on the clinical application of ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation for fertility preservation.

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Protection and preservation of the fertility of female malignant tumor patients. CHENG Ao-shuang, LIN Zhong-qiu 2022, 38(6): 604-609.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2022060108 Abstract ( )   As the incidence of female malignant tumors is increasing，and showing a younger trend，the protection and preservation of the fertility of young patients is a clinical problem that needs to be solved urgently.This article，based on the research progress in recent years，summarizes the indications，treatment methods and disease management of early-stage cervical cancer，endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer.

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Fertility restoration: present and future.  HUANG Sun-xing, CHANG Qi-yuan, ZHOU Can-quan 2022, 38(6): 609-613.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2022060109 Abstract ( )   The birth rate in China and the total fertility rate of China's couples of reproductive age have been consistently low for nearly two decades.After the full implementation of the two-child policy，the number of births reached a high point in 2016 and has been declining significantly year by year for the past five years.Exploring treatment measures for fertility restoration is of great significance for the sustainable development of our economy and society.Females play an indispensable role in human reproduction and reproductive activities，and many factors lead to the reduction or even destruction of tissues，organs，and functions related to female reproduction，followed by the loss of fertility.Exploring fertility restoration technology is not only an urgent clinical technical problem but also deepens our understanding of the regulation of human germ cell development and the pathogenesis of infertility，which are key to maintaining reproductive health.In this article，we will review the current status，research progress，and possible future directions of female fertility restoration techniques from a restoration perspective.

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Selection of protocols about ovulation induction and embryo transfer for patients with gynecological malignant tumors. HUANG Chen-yang, SUN Hai-xiang 2022, 38(6): 614-618.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2022060110 Abstract ( )   The onset age of gynecological malignant tumor tends to be younger.The development of assisted reproductive technology（ART）provides the patients with the possibility of fertility preservation，which mostly depends on the process of ovulation induction and embryo transfer.Individualized ovulation induction and embryo transfer protocols should be selected according to the type of tumor as well as the medical safety and timeliness of patients in clinical practice.

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Ethical issues and related counterplans regarding female fertility preservation.  SHI Xiao, QUAN Song. 2022, 38(6): 618-621.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2022060111 Abstract ( )   Fertility preservation is an important technology to help women preserving the ability of having their own genetic babies，especially for women with cancer who plan to receive radiotherapy or chemotherapy，and women with other diseases which may affect the ovarian reserve.With the development of cancer diagnosis and treatment，the survival rate has been markedly elevated.Meanwhile，the female fertility preservation technologies have progressed gradually.Thus，the attention and awareness for patients and clinicians to fertility preservation have been improved dramatically.Therefore，the demand of fertility preservation also increased accordingly.Under these circumstance，females fertility preservation should take the following aspects into consideration，such as age，marital status，indications，ovarian stimulation protocols and laboratory technology，In addition，in order to promote the development and application of female fertility preservation technology properly，we should perform the technologies base on the ethical principles and relevant regulations.We should also think and discuss the relevant ethical issues thoroughly to seek new coping strategies.