Abstract: For women with a previous lower segment cesarean section，when indicated to induce labor for maternal or fetal reasons，and without contraindication，a trial of labor after cesarean（TOLAC）can be recommended. The risks and benefits of expectant onset of spontaneous labor，induction of labor and elective repeat cesarean section（ERCS）should be carefully evaluated. The patient and her family members should be encouraged to join the more detailed discussion with the doctors to make the final decision regarding the mode of delivery，or induction of labor，individually.

摘要： 既往一次子宫下段剖宫产史的妇女再次妊娠，如无禁忌证，可建议剖宫产术后再次妊娠阴道试产（trial of labor after cesarean，TOLAC）。TOLAC的患者可能因为母体或胎儿因素需要较早终止妊娠，即引产。应充分评估等待自然临产与引产的风险利弊、引产与择期重复剖宫产（elective repeat cesarean section，ERCS）的利弊，在充分医患交流相关信息的前提下本着个体化原则双方共同决定引产与否及其方式，并组织良好的多学科团队制定个体化方案，以期获得良好的母儿结局。