血栓性微血管病是一组以微血管栓塞为病理特点的综合征，起病急、病情凶险、病死率高。因孕期少见，临床医生认识不足，易漏诊误诊。文章就其分类、发病机制、临床表现、诊断标准、鉴别诊断、治疗方案及预后进行总结归纳。

Thrombotic microangiopathy is a syndrome characterized by microvascular embolism，which has acute onset，rapid progression，and a high mortality.Thrombotic microangiopathy rarely happens during pregnancy，so doctors are lack of awareness of this disease，which usually leads to missed diagnosis and misdisgnosis.This article summarizes the classification，pathogenesis，clinical manifestation，diagnostic criteria,differential diagnosis,therapy and prognosis of thrombotic microangiopathies.