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06 March 2007, Volume 22 Issue 03 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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A study on the streptococcal infections and the change of immunity in children with Tourette’s syndrome. RUAN Yiyan,LI Erzhen,CHENG Qian 2007, 22(03): 182-185 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo observe the changes of serum antistreptolycin O(ASO),Tlymphocyte subgroups and natural killer cell(NKC)，and to explore the immune functional state and effect of immunomodulator in children with Tourette s syndrome(TS). MethodsASO and the proportion of T lymphocyte subgroups,NKC in serum were measured in 58 cases of TS using turbidimetry and Bicolor immunofluorescence,respectively.Those of the healthy children were also measured as controls during the same period of time.Those TS children whose immune functions were abnormal were divided randomly into two groups and were treated respectively by using simple immunomodulator Pidotimod Granules and by using dopaminergic receptor antagonists while using Pidotimod Granules. ResultsThe positive rate of ASO in TS children was markedly higher than those of healthy children(P<0.05);the level of CD+4 in children with TS whose ASO was positive was markedly lower than that of those whose ASO was negative(P<0.05);the levels of CD+3,CD+4,CD+4 /CD8+ in children with TS were significantly depressed as compared to those in control(P<0.05).The level of NKC in TS was significantly increased as compared to that in healthy control group(P<0.05).Among the TS children whose immune functions were abnormal,there was no significant difference in the therapeutic effect between the two groups treated respectively by using simple immunomodulator and by using dopaminergic receptor antagonists while using immunomodulator. ConclusionGroup A streptococcal infection might be associated with TS;streptococcal infection may be responding in the change of the cellular immunity,which shows that CD+4 is at low level and the disequilibrium of T lymphocyte subgroups and NKC is at high level.Immunotherapy may be effective in treating TS triggered by streptococcal infections.

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Effects of metformin on glucose metabolism and serum lipogenic hormones in obese hyperinsulinemic children. YAO Hui,LIN Hanhua,WANG Yu 2007, 22(03): 186-188 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo observe effects of metformin on plasma adiponectin,leptin and resistin of hyperinsulinemic children and adolescents. MethodsFiftyfour obese hyperinsulinemic children aged 6~17 years were enrolled in this trial and were divided into two groups:mildmoderate obesity and severe obesity group;fortyfive healthy nonobese children aged 6.5~17 years were as control.The obese hyperinsulinemic children received metformin (175~250 mg twice or thrice daily) for 12 weeks.The plasma concentrations of plasma adiponectin,leptin and resistin were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks of metformin treatment for obesity groups.The fasting plasma glucose and fasting plasma insulin were also measured. ResultsBefore metformin treatment,the HOMAIR and the serum concentrations of insulin,leptin and resistin of the two obese hyperinsulinemic groups were significantly higher,while adiponectin was significantly lower compared with the contral group;there was no significant difference(P>0.05) in serum fasting glucose between obese hyperinsulinemic children and the controls.After 12 weeks of treatment,serum insulin concentrations and insulin resistance index(HOMAIR) decreased(P<0.01);leptin levels decreased (mild and moderate obesity group 24.3±1.8μg/L vs 19.6±6.3μg/L,P<0.05;severe obesity group 30.2±5.1μg/L vs 24.7±5.3μg/L,P<0.01).The plasma resistin levels increased(mild and moderate obesity group 16.5±6.0 μg/L vs 22.0±5.1μg/L,P<0.05;severe obesity group 22.3±5.2μg/L vs 30.6±11.7μg/L,P<0.01).The plasma adiponectin didn't change greatly compared to the before(mild obesity and moderate obesity group 8.9±2.3 mg/L vs 8.4±3.2 mg/L，P>0.05;severe obesity group 7.0±3.0 mg/L vs 6.5±1.2 mg/L,P>0.05). ConclusionThese data collectively suggest that metformin induces attenuation of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in obese hyperinsulinemic children.The decrease of serum leptin levels may contribute to the insulinsensitizing and antihyperglycemia function of metformin.On adipocytokines level,the effect of metformin is limited.

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Comparison and analysis of clinical symptoms of autistic children with or without sleep disorders in children before 3 years old. XIONG Nina1,JI Chengye1,LIU Jitong2 2007, 22(03): 189-191 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveCompare clinical symptoms and developmental characteristics of autistic children with or without sleep disorder in 3 years old. MethodsA total of 275 autistic children who received special education in Beijing Stars Rain Education Institute for Autistic Children were measured with CARS and CABS from 1999 to 2006. ResultsSensibility,feeling,behavior and communication problems were more severe in autistic children with sleep disorder than autistic children without sleep disorder when they were 2~4 years old,while sensibility problem was more improved in autistic children with sleep disorder than autistic children without sleep disorder when they were 5~8 years old.Among children with sleep disorder,sensibility response and expressing demand by gesture of 5~8 years old got more progress than 2~4 years old,but odd behavior increased.Among children without sleep disorders,language communication and expressing demands by gesture of 5~8 years old got more progress than 2~4 years old,but feeling and behavior problems got more severe. ConclusionThe state of illness of autistic children with sleep disorders is more severe than autistic children without sleep disorders at the age of 2~4 years old;the state of illness of two kinds of autistic children is the same basically at the age of 5~8years old.

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A rapid diagnosis of purulent meningitis in children by 16S rRNA FQPCR in CSF. YANG Zuqin,SHANG Shiqiang,WU Yidong 2007, 22(03): 192-195 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo explore a new technique of rapid diagnosis of purulent meningitis in children. MethodsCerebrospinal fluid( CSF) specimens from 49 cases of suspected purulent meningitis were detected by 16S rRNA FQ PCR in the Children Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University from August,2003 to December,2005.The copy numbers of bacterial DNA in CSF were detected,and the bacterial cultures of CSF were done as controls at the same time. Results(1) Of the 49 cases,17 were positive by FQ PCR,the positive rate(34.7%) (17/49) was significantly higher than that of CSF culture 10.2% (5/49) (P<0.01).(2)The copy numbers of bacterial DNA in CSF were determined among the seventeen FQ PCR positive specimens,and they were found to have positive correlation with the state of illness in children；the number of Ct found negative correlation with the illness.The lower the Ct numbers,the higher the DNA copy numbers,and the prognosis of children would be worse.(3)Of the 49 samples,only 5 cases were both positive by FQPCR and routing bacterial culture of CSF.(4)Two products of FQPCR in CSF were sequenced.Bacterium coli were shown in the sequence result of Ct 17.9;it corresponded with the result of CSF culture.Sequencing failed in Ct 31.8. ConclusionFQPCR with higher specificity and sensitivity,demanding less CSF,is rapid and reliable for diagnosing purulent meningitis in children.So it has considerable value of application.

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An analysis of the risk factors of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. XU Huiqin,JIN Rong,ZHENG Rongyuan 2007, 22(03): 196-198 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo explored the risk factors of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome(TS). MethodsTotally 100 cases with TS and 100 controls were investigated through casecontrol study.Data was analyzed with nonconditional logistic regression and principal component analysis. ResultsResults from nonconditional logistic regression showed that such cases were associated with following factors:family history of TS,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),allergic asthma,nocuous mental stimulation during early pregnancy,high fever(T>39℃),exposure to pole low frequent electromagnetism field.The standard regression coefficients were 1.3987、3.6385、1.7657、1.7250、1.8973 and 1.0677，respectively.Four principal components were extracted through principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution of variances of the 4 principal components was 57.025%. ConclusionThe risk factors of TS are related to the concomitance of genetic factors and environmental factors.

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Analysis of bone mineral density in precocious puberty of 2~10year old girls. ZHENG Suping，MA Bujun，ZENG Zhiwei. 2007, 22(03): 199-201 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo explore the influence of the precocious puberty to bone mineral density(BMD)in 2~10year old girl. MethodsA total of 237 precocious puberty girls aged 2~10 years without bone metabolism disease were selected randomly from the specialty endocrine outpatient service in our hospital.They were divided into two groups according to central precocious puberty(CPP)and peripheral precocious puberty(PPP)，and then each precocious puberty group was divided into four groups according to the age.All the girls were measured the BMD of the radius and ulna at 1/3 middlefar radius on left hand with single photen absorptiometry(SPA) bone mineral density instrument，and then compard with the healthy girls of the normal development of the same age group. ResultsThe BMD of CPP，PPP and health groups all increased with the age，and the radius BMD was higher than the ulna BMD in each age group.The BMD of CPP was higher than the other two groups，and CPP was higher than the health 6.4~8.6% among their 8~10 years old groups.The BMD of the radius and ulna all increased and accelerated at 8~10 years old in three groups，especially ulna BMD(P<0.05).The ulna BMD of 8~10 years old was higher than that of 6~7 years old,20.44%、17.77% and 14.33% in CPP，PPP and healthy group.In these three groups,the increase in CPP group was obviously higher than the other two groups,especially the healthy group.And there is a significant difference between the ulna BMD of 8~10year old group in CPP and the ulna BMD of 6~7year old group in the health(radius BMD，P<0.05；ulna BMD，P<0.001).But there was no obvious difference between PPP group and the healthy girls. ConclusionBone mineralization increase in the healthy girls should have begun to accelerate since 9 years old during their adolescence.With the increase of their sex steroid hormone and the advance of their adolescence，the bone mineral content increases in CPP girls，and induces their BMD to increase correspondingly，then advances the time of ulna growth,which began to accelerate at CPP girls’adolescence age.PPP does not advance the adolescence，and the estrogen of the peripheral source increase is mostly temporary,so it does not obviously influence the normal skeleton development of the girls as CPP.

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The significance of radionuclide bone scan in the diagnosis and therapeutic response evaluation of neuroblastoma. YANG Guang,TANG Suoqin,WANG Jianwen 2007, 22(03): 202-204 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the significance of bone scan in the clinical staging and evaluation of therapeutic effect of neuroblastoma. MethodsWhole body 99m Technetium methylene diphosphonate ( 99mTcMDP) bone scan was performed on all 36 children with neuroblastoma before the systemic treatments.Thirteen out of 36 patients received 2~4 bone scans during the process of chemotherapy and followup,including 6 patients who rechecked the bone scans pre and postautologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. ResultsTwentythree of 36 cases (63.9%) were positive for bone scan.The extremities,spine,skull,pelvis,rib and scapula involvements were 15,12,9,6,5 and 1,respectively.Multiple focus was seen in 18 patients (78.3%).Among 13 patients during followup,the abnormal density became weaken in 8 patients,and unchanged in 5 patients. ConclusionThe radionuclide bone scan is simple,safe,atraumatic and repeatable.Bone scanning is valuable in the diagnosis and clinical staging of neuroblastoma,and useful for the evaluation of therapeutic effect as well as the judgement of prognosis.It is a valuable clinical examination for neuroblastoma.

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The effect of total sleep deprivation on the physiological organ functions of young rats. JIANG Fan,SHEN Xiaoming,LI Shenghui 2007, 22(03): 205-207 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo explore the effect of shortterm total sleep deprivation on the temperature regulation and growth of young rats. MethodsTwelve weaned (3weekold) male SpraqueDawley rats were randomly divided into sleep deprivation (SD) group and control group(CC).SD was induced by Flower Pot technique,and lasted for 48 hours.The body temperature,intake food and weight of all rats were measured before SD,24h and 48h after SD respectively.After 48 hours of sleep deprivation all the rats were sacrificed to weigh their major organs. ResultsDuring the period of SD,the body temperatures of both groups showed the significant change with increasing after 24h SD and decreasing under baseline after 48h SD,but the temperatures difference was not significant between groups.The SD group showed evidently decrease in the body weight compared with CC group,whereas they ate much more than CC group after 48h SD.The greater weight loss in SD group,in spite of their increased food intake,suggested an increased ration of catabolism to anabolism,which was confirmed in the comparison of daily energy expenditure (EE) between these two groups.Except for lungs,no other organs weight showed difference between the two groups. ConclusionThe temperature regulation imbalance of young rat shows up in the earlier stage of sleep deprivation and the growth and development of young rats are also severe affected.

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The investigation of LPS,LBP/CD14 and TNFα in children with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Cheng Yaying，Sun Dongming，Jing Lijuan 2007, 22(03): 208-211 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveThis investigation had measured the concentration of LPS,LBP、sCD14 and TNFα in patients with SIRS and compared with healthy children,to clarify the role of LPS,LBP/sCD14 and TNFα in the pathogenesis of SIRS. MethodsVenous blood from all the cases were collected.LPS was determined by limulus reagent kinetic turbidimetric assay,LBP、sCD14 and TNFα were determined by ELISA method.Some patients with SIRS were made following observation. ResultsThe concentration of LPS,LBP,sCD14 in the patients with SIRS were much higher than the healthy children,and much higher in the MODS than the case not with MODS.Following the increase of concentration of LPS,the level of LBP and sCD14 increased accordingly,which show positive correlation.Dynamic study findings that the level of LPS，LBP，sCD14 and TNFα were increased obviously with patients’condition got worse,furthermore，it shown positive correlation obviously between TNFα and LBP or sCD14.The study had found that the cases complicating MODS and the mortality increased following the increase of concentration of sCD14. Conclusion Exdomination may be one of factors that organism released LBP and CD14 stimulated by LPS in SIRS，and LBP，CD14 can addable the effect of LPS，than cause tissue damage by multipul inflammatory factors.Furthermore，the content of sCD14 is closely correlation with the development of MODS，dynamic monitoring the concentration of sCD14 could make prognosis of SIRS.