Abstract: Patent ductus arteriosus（PDA）is one of the most common congenital cardiovascular structural abnormalities in preterm infants，and its incidence is significantly negatively correlated with gestational age.Despite the continuous updates of evidence and international guidelines in recent years，there are still differences in PDA assessment criteria，hemodynamic assessment capabilities，selection of treatment timing，and implementation pathways of expectant management among different regions and different levels of hospitals in China.In May 2025，the American Academy of Pediatrics（AAP）released“Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants：A Clinical Report from the American Academy of Pediatrics for Pediatricians”Based on existing research evidence and professional knowledge，this report puts forward clear recommendations for the evaluation and management process of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants.This article discusses and supplements this report from the perspective of clinical practice in China，aiming to provide more operational clinical guidance for neonatologists in China.

Key words: patent ductus arteriosus, preterm infant, management strategies, clinical practice

摘要： 动脉导管未闭（patent ductus arteriosus，PDA）是早产儿最常见的先天性心血管结构异常之一，其发病率与胎龄呈显著负相关。尽管近年来循证证据与国际指南持续更新，我国不同地区和不同层级医院在 PDA 评估标准、血流动力学评估能力、治疗时机选择及期待管理实施路径等方面仍存在差异。2025年5月美国儿科学会（American Academy of Pediatrics，AAP）发布了《早产儿动脉导管未闭：美国儿科学会为儿科医生提供的临床研究报告》，该报告基于现有研究证据和专业知识，对早产儿动脉导管未闭的评估与管理流程提出了明确建议。该文从中国临床实践角度对该报告进行讨论及补充，旨在为我国不同层级医疗机构的新生儿科医师提供更具操作性的临床指导。

关键词: font-family:", font-size:17px, background-color:#FFFFFF, ">动脉导管未闭, 早产儿, 管理策略, 临床实践