Abstract: Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy（HIE） in newborns is a multi-stage，multi-factor pathophysiological cascade reaction caused by perinatal hypoxia-ischemia，which can lead to acute or even permanent damage to the nervous system. The standardized diagnosis and treatment strategies for HIE in China still face difficulties and challenges. How to further promote individualized neuroprotective strategies based on multimodal assessment，while emphasizing the core principles of “early recognition，accurate prediction，multiple combinations，and close follow-up，” is a key direction for future development in clinical practice.

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摘要： 新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）是围生期缺氧缺血导致的多环节、多因素病理生理级联反应，可造成神经系统急性乃至永久性损害。国内HIE的规范化诊断与治疗策略仍面临困难与挑战，如何在强调“早识别、准预测、多联合、重随访”的核心原则基础上，进一步推动基于多模态评估的个体化神经保护策略，是临床实践未来重点发展的方向。

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