Abstract: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy（HIE）is a common neurological disorder in the perinatal period. In the past，more attention is paid to moderate and severe HIE，and many studies have reported on the incidence，diagnosis and treatment，as well as prognosis. Among them，therapeutic hypothermia（TH） has become a routine treatment for moderate and severe HIE. Recent studies have found that mild HIE also has a high incidence and a risk of adverse prognosis，and has gradually attracted clinical attention. However，there are still many problems and controversies in the diagnosis，classification and treatment of mild HIE，which require further research and exploration.

Key words: hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, mild, diagnosis, therapeutic hypothermia, neonate

摘要： 新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy，HIE）是围生期常见的神经系统疾病，以往更关注中度和重度HIE，已有多数研究报道其发病率、诊治及预后情况，其中亚低温（TH）已成为中重度HIE常规的治疗手段。近年研究发现，轻度HIE同样存在较高发病率及不良预后的风险，并逐步受到临床的关注，但在诊断分度及治疗方面仍面临很多问题与争议，需要进一步研究和探索。

关键词: 缺氧缺血性脑病, 轻度, 诊断, 亚低温治疗, 新生儿