Abstract: Urinary tract infection（UTI）is one of the most common infections in children，and it is also an outpost event of underlying congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract（CAKUT），especially in infants and young children.Vesicoureteral reflux（VUR）is one of the most common CAKUT，which is closely related to the recurrence of UTIand renal parenchymal damage in children.However，there are many controversies on the clinical management of UTI and VUR in children at home and abroad， and there are many problems in clinical practice.Therefore，this article is a review of UTI and VUR in children，aiming to offer help for the future clinical management.

Key words: urinary tract infection, vesicoureteral reflux, child

摘要： 泌尿系感染是儿童最常见的感染性疾病之一，也是潜在的先天性肾脏尿路异常的前哨事件，尤其在婴幼儿中更具提示意义。膀胱输尿管反流是最常见的尿路异常之一，其与儿童泌尿系感染的复发、肾实质损害的发生关系密切。但目前国内外对于儿童泌尿系感染及膀胱输尿管反流的临床诊疗流程存在颇多争议，在临床实践中也存在诸多问题。文章就儿童泌尿系感染与膀胱输尿管反流作一综述，以期对临床诊疗提供帮助。

关键词: 泌尿系感染, 膀胱输尿管反流, 儿童