Abstract: Tracheoesophageal fistula（TEF） is an abnormal canal between trachea and esophagus. Most of children’s TEF is congenital and primary，often combined with esophageal atresia（EA），and a few TEF is acquired and secondary. TEF is one of pediatric complex and rare diseases，which is troublesome and tough in diagnosis and treatment. The development of modern pediatric bronchoscopy with respiratory intervention techniques has brought new lines of thinking and methods to the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Key words: tracheoesophageal fistula, child, respiratory intervention, bronchoscope

摘要： 气管和食管间存在异常沟通的瘘道称为气管食管瘘（TEF）。儿童绝大部分为先天原发性， 常合并食管闭锁（EA），少部分为后天获得性。TEF是儿科疑难少见病之一， 一直以来是临床诊疗的难点。现代儿科支气管镜呼吸介入技术的发展， 为该疾病的诊疗带来了新的思路和方法。

关键词: 气管食管瘘, 儿童, 呼吸介入, 支气管镜