Abstract: Food for Special Medical Purposes（FSMP）is a type of formulated food produced with special processing techniques，designed to meet the specific nutritional or dietary requirements of people with restricted food intake，impaired digestion and absorption，metabolic disorders，or specific disease conditions. In the treatment of special pediatric diseases such as inherited metabolic diseases，food protein allergy，and impaired digestion and absorption，traditional pharmacotherapy and ordinary dietary interventions often fail to fully satisfy the special nutritional needs of these children. In recent years，with the rapid development of medical nutrition and food science，FSMP has played an increasingly important role in the clinical management of these special diseases. This article reviews the classification and characteristics of FSMP，as well as its application progress in special pediatric diseases including inherited metabolic diseases，food protein allergy，and impaired digestion and absorption. It also discusses key points in the clinical management of FSMP and looks forward to its future development trends，challenges，and research directions. It is expected to provide professional guidance for clinical medical staff on the clinical pediatric application of FSMP，so as to optimize nutritional management and improve clinical outcomes in children.

Key words: food for special medical purposes（FSMP）, inherited metabolic diseases, pediatric digestive system diseases, food protein allergy, nutritional support

摘要： 特殊医学用途配方食品（FSMP，简称特医食品）是为满足进食受限、消化吸收障碍、代谢紊乱或特定疾病状态人群对营养素或膳食的特殊需求而设计，并具有特殊加工工艺的配方食品。在遗传代谢病、食物蛋白过敏、消化吸收障碍等特殊儿科疾病治疗中，传统的药物治疗和普通膳食干预往往难以完全满足这些患儿的特殊营养需求。近年来，随着医学营养学和食品科学的飞速发展，FSMP在这些特殊疾病中的临床管理中扮演着越来越重要的角色。文章旨在综述FSMP的分类、特点及其在遗传代谢病、食物蛋白过敏、消化吸收障碍等特殊儿科疾病中的应用进展，探讨FSMP的临床管理要点，并对FSMP的未来发展趋势、面临的挑战及研究方向进行展望。期待能为相关临床医务人员提供FSMP儿科临床应用的专业指导，以期优化患儿的营养管理，改善临床结局。

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