Abstract: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic lung disease that poses significant threats to both survival quality and long-term health of preterm infants. In some infants，impaired pulmonary vascular development leads to irreversible vascular injury and remodeling，progressing to pulmonary hypertension（PH）. BPD-associated PH（BPD-PH） not only substantially increases mortality risk during infancy and early childhood but also causes long-term cardiopulmonary dysfunction，growth retardation，and neurodevelopmental impairments . This review aims to systematically elucidate the latest definition and classification of BPD-PH， sort out the pathophysiological mechanism that involves inflammation，hypoxia and vascular dysplasia，and summarize the risk factors and prediction model associated with BPD-PH，with a particular focus on summarizing the research progress in biochemical biomarkers and imaging techniques，which is expected to provide references for early clinical identification and intervention.

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摘要： 支气管肺发育不良（bronchopulmonary dysplasia，BPD）是严重威胁早产儿健康与生存质量的慢性肺部疾病。部分患儿因肺血管发育障碍，出现不可逆性血管损伤与重塑，进而并发肺动脉高压（pulmonary hypertension，PH）。BPD-PH 不仅显著增加婴幼儿期死亡风险，还可导致长期心肺功能障碍、生长发育迟缓及神经系统发育异常等严重后果。文章旨在系统阐述 BPD-PH 的最新定义与分类，梳理其涉及炎症、缺氧、血管发育异常等多因素的病理生理机制，归纳相关临床危险因素及预测模型，并重点综述生化标志物与影像学技术等参数研究进展，以期为临床早期识别与干预提供参考。

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