Abstract: Adolescence is a critical period of development，characterized by rapid physical growth，sexual maturation，and the formation of behavioral and cognitive patterns. In recent years，there has been a sharp increase in the incidence of health issues among adolescents，including obesity，diabetes，hyperuricemia，cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases，and mental and behavioral problems. These are closely related to nutritional and metabolic abnormalities during puberty. Adolescent development is influenced by multiple factors，such as genetics，neuroendocrine，nutritional metabolism，and living environment. Among these，nutritional and metabolic interventions，along with lifestyle management，represent key modifiable factors. Therefore，systematic nutritional and metabolic screening，comprehensive assessment，and personalized interventions help to promote adolescent health. These measures hold significant clinical and public health importance in preventing and managing adolescent diseases and chronic conditions in adulthood.

Key words: adolescence, nutrition, obesity, psychiatric disorders, metabolic imbalance

摘要： 青春期是发育的重要阶段，是体格快速增长、性成熟和行为认知模式形成的重要时期。近年来，青少年肥胖、糖尿病、高尿酸血症、心脑血管病和精神行为问题发生率急剧上升，这与青春期营养代谢异常密切相关。青春期发育受遗传、神经内分泌、营养代谢、生活环境等多因素影响，营养代谢干预及生活管理是关键的可干预因素。因此，系统的营养代谢筛查、全面评估以及个体化干预有助于促进青少年健康，对预防与治疗青春期疾病及成年慢性疾病具有重要临床与公共卫生意义。

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