Abstract: Bronchiolitis is the most common acute respiratory infection in infants and young children， which can be life-threatening when severe. Currently， there are differences in the treatment of bronchiolitis in different regions. In 2023， a foreign pediatric critical care and emergency nursing group developed guidelines for the management of severe bronchiolitis in infants under 12 months of age in pediatric intensive care units. The guidelines include 40 recommendations （including 23 expert recommendations） covering six areas： admission criteria for intensive care units， auxiliary examinations， patient placement and treatment， nutritional support and fluid replacement， ventilatory support， and adjunctive therapy. These recommendations aim to assist clinical physicians to better identify， understand， and manage severe bronchiolitis， thereby improving the level of treatment and prognosis of affected children. This article interprets the guidelines to provide reference for clinical practice.

Key words: bronchiolitis, infants, pediatric intensive care, guidelines interpretation

摘要： 毛细支气管炎是婴幼儿最常见的呼吸道急性感染，严重时可危及生命。目前不同地区针对毛细支气管炎的治疗存在差异。2023年，国外儿科重症和急救护理小组制定了关于儿科重症监护室内12月龄以下婴儿严重毛细支气管炎管理的指南，从重症监护室准入标准、辅助检查、患儿安置及治疗、营养支持与补液、通气支持以及辅助治疗等6个范围提出了40条建议（其中23条专家建议），以帮助临床医师更好地识别、理解和处理严重毛细支气管炎，提升救治水平，改善患儿预后。文章对该指南进行解读，以期为临床实践提供参考。

关键词: 毛细支气管炎, 婴儿, 儿科重症监护, 指南解读