Abstract: There are many kinds of encephalopathy in neonatal period，such as hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy，bilirubin encephalopathy，hypoglycemic encephalopathy，encephalopathy of prematurity，sepsis-associated enceph-alopathy，hereditary metabolic encephalopathy，mitochondrial encephalopathy and so on. Magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） can be used to diagnose and evaluate the disease，which is an ideal imaging method. Conventional MRI is most widely used，however，it is often difficult to achieve the purpose of early diagnosis and accurate identification，as well as cerebral function evaluation. Currently，a variety of MRI techniques have been developed，including diffusion weighted imaging，diffusion tensor imaging，magnetic sensitivity weighted imaging，proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging，fluid attenuated inversion recovery and so on，which are collectively known as multimodal MRI technology. These techniques have the advantages of high sensitivity，strong specificity，high signal contrast，reflecting the metabolic level of brain tissue and so on，which can make up for the shortcomings of conventional MRI techniques. It has a broad application prospect for early diagnosis and differentiation of neonatal encephalopathy，evaluation of brain function and prognosis judgment.

Key words: magnetic resonance imaging, multimode, enceph-alopathy, neonate

摘要： 新生儿脑病有多种类型，如缺氧缺血性脑病、胆红素脑病、低血糖脑病、早产儿脑病、脓毒症相关脑病、遗传代谢性脑病及线粒体脑病等。磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging，MRI）技术可以用于诊断及评估病情，是新生儿脑病较理想的影像检查方法。常规MRI虽应用最普遍，但往往难以达到早期诊断及精准识别的目的，也不能评估脑功能情况。目前多模态MRI技术，包括弥散加权成像、弥散张量成像、磁敏感加权成像、氢质子磁共振波谱成像、流体衰减反演恢复等，具有灵敏度高、特异性强、信号对比度高、反映脑组织代谢水平等优势，可以弥补常规MRI技术的不足，对早期诊断及鉴别新生儿脑病，以及评估脑功能和判断预后具有广泛的应用前景。

关键词: 磁共振, 多模态, 脑病, 新生儿