Abstract: Objective　To retrospectively analyze the clinical efficacy of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulation factor （rhGM-CSF） gargle combined with recombinant epidermal growth factor spraying in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in children with acute leukemia. Methods　A retrospective analysis was performed concerning the data of 107 children with oral mucositis after acute leukemia chemotherapy in the Second Pediatric Hematology Department of Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University from September 2021 to April 2022. According to the combined application of rhGM-CSF and recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor （rh-aFGF） and the application of rh-aFGF alone，they were divided into a combined treatment group and a single treatment group. There were 51 cases in the combined treatment group and 56 cases in the single treatment group， in the combined treatment group 100ug of rhGM-CSF was added to 250mL of sodium chloride injection，which was put in the refrigerator and gargled 6 times a day （once before and after three meals）. Then rh-aFGF was sprayed externally on the ulcerated oral mucosa，three times a day. The 56 children in the single treatment group were only sprayed with rh-aFGF on the ulcerated oral mucosa，three times a day. Children with oral mucositis began to use therapeutic drugs until the oral mucositis healed. The clinical efficacy on oral mucositis，the healing time of oral mucositis，and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups. Results　The effective rate in the combination treatment group was significantly higher than that in the single treatment group （84% vs 68%，P=0.047）. The healing time of oral ulcers in the combination treatment group was significantly shortened，the combination treatment group being（4.80±2.728） d，and the single treatment group being（9.04±2.809）d，（P<0.01）. No adverse reactions occurred during treatment. Conclusion　For children with acute leukemia complicated by chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis，the application of rhGM-CSF gargle combined with rh-aFGF spraying has a significant effect. It can effectively relieve pain and shorten the healing time，which is worthy of promotion.

Key words: recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulation factor, recombinant epidermal growth factor, childhood acute leukemia, chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis, efficacy

摘要： 目的　回顾性分析重组人粒细胞巨噬细胞刺激因子（rhGM-CSF）含漱联合重组表皮生长因子喷涂治疗儿童急性白血病化疗引起的口腔黏膜炎的临床疗效。方法　回顾性分析2021年9月至2022年4月就诊于中国医科大学附属盛京医院第二小儿血液内科107例次急性白血病化疗后并发口腔黏膜炎的患儿资料，按rhGM-CSF与重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子（rh-aFGF）联合应用与否分为联合治疗组和单独治疗组，联合治疗组共51例次，单独治疗组共56例次。联合治疗组将rhGM-CSF 100ug加入氯化钠注射液250 mL，冷藏保存，每日含漱6次（分别于三餐前后各1次），再予外用rh-aFGF喷涂口腔黏膜破溃处，每日3次。单独治疗组的56例患儿仅用rh-aFGF喷涂口腔黏膜破溃处，每日3次。从患儿发生口腔黏膜炎即开始应用治疗药物至口腔黏膜炎愈合，比较两组患儿治疗口腔黏膜炎的临床疗效、口腔黏膜炎愈合时间，以及药物不良反应的发生情况。结果　联合治疗组患儿有效率明显高于单独治疗组（84% vs 68%，P=0.047），联合治疗组患儿口腔溃疡愈合时间明显缩短，联合治疗组（4.80±2.73）d，单独治疗组（9.04±2.81）d，（P<0.01），治疗期间无不良反应发生。结论　对于儿童急性白血病并发化疗性口腔黏膜炎，应用rhGM-CSF含漱联合rh-aFGF喷涂的方式治疗疗效显著，有效缓解疼痛，缩短治愈时间，有推广价值。

关键词: 重组人粒细胞巨噬细胞刺激因子, 重组表皮生长因子, 儿童急性白血病, 化疗性口腔黏膜炎, 疗效