中国实用儿科杂志

中国实用儿科杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (05): 368-370.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

婴幼儿急性腹泻459例病原检测分析

陈凤钦1，卓    玲1，林卫东1，叶礼燕2，吴冰珊3   

  1. 1. 福州儿童医院消化专科，福建福州    350004；2. 南京军区福州总医院儿科，福建福州    350025；3福建省疾病预防控制中心，福建福州    350001
  • 出版日期:2012-05-06 发布日期:2012-05-30
  • 基金资助:

    福建省福州市科技项目 基金（编号：2008-s-81）

Pathogen isolation in 459 infants with acute diarrhea.  

  • Online:2012-05-06 Published:2012-05-30

摘要：

目的    了解婴幼儿急性腹泻的病原构成，为本地区临床合理有效地控制小儿急性腹泻提供病原依据。方法    对2009年1 - 12月福州儿童医院消化专科收治的459例急性腹泻患儿的粪便标本进行细菌培养，采用免疫胶体金法检测轮状病毒 （RV） 抗原；抽取其中218例，再应用ELISA 法检测 RV 抗原，逆转录聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）法检测诺如病毒 （NV） 核酸。结果    459例患儿细菌感染35例（7.6％），真菌感染5例（1.1％），检出 RV 阳性117例（25.5％）。218例中 RV 阳性69例（31.7％），NV 阳性61例（28.0％），上述二种病毒混合感染14例（6.4％） 。两种病毒感染阳性率男女性别差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05），不同年龄组间 RV 及 NV 阳性率差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05），均以2岁以下患儿为主。RV、NV 均有明显的季节特征，RV 以10 - 12月份为发病高峰，NV以 7~9月份为发病高峰分布，差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。结论    小儿感染性腹泻病原类型复杂多样，在临床诊治中应重视病原学检测。

关键词: 小儿, 急性腹泻, 轮状病毒, 诺如病毒, 细菌, 真菌

Abstract:

Abstract：Objective    To study pathogen isolations from infants with acute diarrhea with the purpose to provide basic evidence for reasonable and effective control of infant acute diarrhea. Methods    Totally 459 cases of acute diarrhea from Digestive Department in Fuzhou Children’s Hospital from Jan. to Dec. 2009 were selected，and their faeces samples were cultivated. Rotavirus（RV） was detected using Colloidal Gold method；218 cases were selected for RV detection again using ELISA method，norovirus nuclear acid were detected using RT-PCR method. Results    Thirty-five of 459 cases were infected with bacteria，5 cases were infected with fungi （1.1%），and 117 cases were RV positive （25.5%）； 69 of 218 cases were RV postive （31.7%），61 cases were NV positive （28%），and 14 cases were two viruses mixed infections （6.4%）.The difference between male and female with two virus mixed infections had no statistical significance （P > 0.05）；difference between different age groups in RV and NV positive rates had statistical significance （P < 0.05）；all cases mainly were under 2 years old. RV and NV infections obviously had season difference，and RV infection peaked from October to December，while NV infection peaked from July to September，the difference having statistical significance （P < 0.05）. Conclusion    The pathogenic types that cause infant infectious diarrhea are complex and diverse，thus we should pay attention to pathogen detection in clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: infant, acute diarrhea, rotavirus, norovirus, bacteria, fungus