中国实用儿科杂志

中国实用儿科杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 597-602.DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2026070612

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

儿童抽动障碍合并精神行为共病影响因素研究

  

  1. 中日友好医院儿科，北京  100029
  • 出版日期:2026-07-06 发布日期:2026-09-17
  • 通讯作者: 许小菁，电子信箱：clairexxj@yeah.net
  • 基金资助:
    北京市自然科学基金（M22024）

A study on the influencing factors of neuropsychiatric comorbidities in children with tic disorders

  1. Department of Pediatrics，China-Japan Friendship Hospital， Beijing  100029，China
  • Online:2026-07-06 Published:2026-09-17

摘要： 目的　探讨儿童抽动障碍（TD）患儿精神行为共病及影响因素，为疾病诊治及家庭管理提供新的思路。方法　收集2023 年1 月至2023 年12 月中日友好医院儿科初诊的TD 患儿201 例，对临床资料进行横断面研究，采用简明儿童少年国际神经精神访谈5.0 版（MINI-KID 5.0）筛查TD 患儿的精神行为共病。通过Logistic 回归分析等统计方法分析TD 患儿的精神行为共病影响因素。结果　患精神行为共病者105 例（52 .24%），包括注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）72 例（35 .82%）、焦虑障碍28 例（13 .93%）、对立违抗性障碍（ODD）22 例（10 .95%）。其中复杂性发声抽动、来自单亲家庭、抽动前有诱因为患有精神行为共病的危险因素。来自单亲家庭为共患ADHD 的危险因素；存在目前或既往躁狂、轻躁狂发作为共患ODD、焦虑障碍的危险因素（P 均<0 .05）。结论　TD 患儿存在共病与病程中存在复杂性发声性抽动、心理诱因、抽动程度较严重、单亲家庭等因素有关。

关键词: 抽动障碍, Tourette 综合征, 精神行为共病, 注意缺陷多动障碍

Abstract:  Objective　To explore the comorbidities of neuropsychiatric disorders in children with tic disorders（TD）， as well as the influencing factors associated with these comorbidities，in order to provide new insights for the diagnosis， treatment，and family management of this condition. Methods　A cross-sectional study was conducted regarding the clinical data from 201 children newly diagnosed with TD at the Department of Pediatrics of China-Japan Friendship Hospital between January 2023 and December 2023.The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents 5.0（MINI-KID 5.0）was utilized to screen for comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders among these children. Logistic regression analysis and other statistical methods were employed to analyze the influencing factors related to comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders in children with TD. Results　Among the participants，a total of 105 cases（52 .24%） exhibited comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders，including 72 cases（35 .82%）of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD），28 cases（13 .93%）of anxiety disorders，and 22 cases（10.95%）of oppositional defiant disorder（ODD）.Identified risk factors for comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders included complex vocal tics，a single-parent family background，and triggering psychological factors. A single-parent family background was also a significant risk factor for comorbid ADHD. Additionally，current/previous manic/hypomanic episodes were found to be risk factors for both ODD and anxiety disorders（all P<0 .05）. Conclusion　The occurrence of comorbidities in children with TD is significantly associated with various factors，including complex vocal tics，psychological triggering factors，tic severity，and a single-parent family background.

Key words:  , tic disorders, Tourette syndrome, neuropsychiatric comorbidities, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder