Abstract: As a specific group in dental treatment，patients with dental anxiety are affected by a variety of factors in the degree of the coordination of treatment and the tolerance of pain. If unreasonable method of behavior management and pain relief is selected in oral treatment，the treatment will face various medical risks，which result in adverse or even serious consequences and bring difficulties for follow-up treatment. The comfortable treatment represented by sedation and analgesia has been valued and accepted by more and more medical personnel and patients with the advancement of society and the overall development of stomatology，but the potential medical risks are always an important factor that beset various types of oral medical institutions. This paper，based on the epidemiological data of dental anxiety and various adverse events，systematically elaborated various methods and links to ensure the safety of comfortable oral  treatment，which is expected to provide assistance to dentists and anesthesiologists.

Key words: sedation, analgesia, oral treatment for children, safety, comfort

摘要： 牙科焦虑症（dental anxiety，DA）患者作为口腔治疗中的特殊群体，对治疗的配合和疼痛的耐受程度受多种因素影响。口腔治疗中若不能合理选择行为管理和疼痛缓解的方式，会使治疗面临各种医疗风险，造成不良甚至严重的后果，为后续治疗带来困难。随着社会进步及口腔医学的整体发展，以镇静镇痛为代表的舒适化治疗被越来越多的医务人员和患者重视并接受，但潜在的医疗风险始终是困扰各类型口腔医疗机构开展舒适化治疗的重要原因。文章从DA的流行病学资料和各种不良事件入手，系统阐述了保障舒适化口腔医疗安全的各种措施，期望能给口腔医生和麻醉医生提供帮助。

关键词: 镇静, 镇痛, 儿童口腔治疗, 安全, 舒适