Abstract:

Objective    To analyse the reasons and complications of the impacted third teeth extraction surgery，and to conclude the surgery decision-making and the best timing of surgery. Methods    Totally 200 patients were received in the research who required the third teeth extraction surgery. The age of patients，symptoms of the third teeth and complications of the surgery were analysed. Results    Totally 38 cases did not receive the surgery due to being asymptomatic，including the vertically normal position，mesial position，distal position and horizontal position fully impacted teeth and the ones adjacent to the nerve ducts. The other 162 cases received the third teeth extraction surgery；4 cases were subjected to the symptoms of nerve injury. However the cases younger than 20 were not subjected to the complications.Conclusion       It is highly recommended the impacted third teeth should be extracted due to the potential harm. The best timing of the surgery is under 20 years old on account of the inchoate roots.

Key words: impacted third teeth, extraction, the best timing

摘要：

目的    通过对智齿拔除原因及拔除后并发症的分析来总结智齿是否应该拔除及其拔除最佳时机。方法        选择2014年3—4月前来上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔外科和上海安亭医院口腔科专家门诊咨询和要求拔除智齿的患者200例，对其年龄、拔除原因及拔除后出现的严重并发症进行分析。结果    38例患者因无任何不适症状暂保留，其中包括：位置正常的垂直位阻生智齿；全骨埋伏的近中、远中阻生及水平低位阻生智齿；牙根明显压迫下牙槽神经的智齿。另外162例智齿进行手术拔除，其中4例出现下唇麻木的并发症。20岁以下的患者因智齿牙根未完全形成，拔除后无一例出现下唇麻木。结论    智齿埋伏阻生会产生很多潜在的危害，会对邻牙、颌骨及颞颌关节造成损伤，通常建议拔除。20岁以下牙根未完全形成时拔除智齿为最佳时机，可避免损伤下牙槽神经。

关键词: 阻生智齿, 拔除, 最佳时机