Abstract: Objective    To evaluate the clinical application characteristics and the value of four kinds of sandblasting powders by comparing their plaque removal effects and their influence on enamel roughness. Methods   （1）The morphological characteristics of four kinds of sandblasting powders were observed by scanning electron microscope and analyzed by energy spectrum.（2）Select 36 patients who needed sandblasting to clean and treat at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of China Medical University from December 2020 to June 2021. All patients were randomly divided into four groups with eighteen sides in each group. After one week of ultrasonic upper gingival scaling，new sodium bicarbonate sandblasting powder，erythritol sandblasting powder and glycine sandblasting powder were used in the study group，and they were recorded as PT-S1 group，PT-S2 group and PT-S3 group，respectively. The remaining group was control group，which was treated with typical sandblasting powder. The plaque index of each group before and after sandblasting treatment was calculated.（3）Twenty-eight healthy premolars were selected who had orthodontic treatment demands in the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of China Medical University from February to June 2021. These teeth were randomly divided into four groups：PT-S1group，PT-S2 group，PT-S3 group and EMS group，with seven teeth in each group. The enamel roughness（Sa）of each group before and after sandblasting treatment was measured，and the enamel surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope and white light interferometry. Results   （1）The new and typical sodium bicarbonate sandblasting powder had clear profile and large particle size. Erythritol sandblasting powder was round and blunt，and was uniform and small in size. The edge of glycine sandblasting powder was blunt and the particle size was different.（2） The plaque index after sandblasting in the PT-S1 group，PT-S2 group，PT-S3 group and the control group was lower than that before sandblasting，and the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the plaque index among the 4 groups before and after sandblasting treatment（P > 0.05）.（3）There was no significant difference in Sa value before and after sandblasting in PT-S1 group（P > 0.05）. The Sa value of PT-S2 group，PT-S3 group and control group after sandblasting was significantly lower than that before sandblasting，and the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Four groups of sandblasting powder can effectively remove dental plaque，erythritol sandblasting powder in PT-S2 group and glycine sandblasting powder in PT-S3 group have blund and round particle，and after sandblasting treatment the teeth surface is smooth.

Key words: sandblasting, plaque index, enamel, roughness

摘要： 目的    通过比较4种喷砂粉菌斑清除效果及对牙釉质粗糙度的影响，评价其临床应用特点和价值。方法    （1）扫描电子显微镜观察4种喷砂粉的形态特征，并进行能谱分析；（2）选择2020年12月至2021年6月于中国医科大学附属口腔医院就诊需要喷砂洁治患者36例，将所有患者左右侧牙列随机分为4组，每组18侧。超声波龈上洁治1周后，研究组分别采用新型碳酸氢钠喷砂粉、赤藓糖醇喷砂粉和甘氨酸喷砂粉进行喷砂处理，并分别记为PT-S1组、PT-S2组和PT-S3组；余下一组为对照组，使用经典型碳酸氢钠喷砂粉进行喷砂处理。计算喷砂处理前后各组牙面的菌斑指数。（3）选择2021年2—6月于中国医科大学附属口腔医院就诊因正畸需要拔除的健康前磨牙28颗，随机分到PT-S1组、PT-S2组、PT-S3组和对照组中，每组7颗。测量喷砂处理前后各组牙釉质粗糙度（Sa）值，并用扫描电子显微镜及白光干涉三维表面轮廓仪观察牙釉质表面形貌。结果   （1）新型和经典型碳酸氢钠喷砂粉颗粒轮廓分明，粒径较大；赤藓糖醇喷砂粉颗粒轮廓圆钝，粒径均匀且较小；甘氨酸喷砂粉颗粒边缘较钝，粒径大小不一。（2）PT-S1组、PT-S2组、PT-S3组和对照组喷砂处理后菌斑指数均小于喷砂处理前，差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。4组喷砂处理前后的菌斑指数组间比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）。（3）PT-S1组喷砂处理前后Sa值比较，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。PT-S2组、PT-S3组和对照组喷砂处理后Sa值均明显小于喷砂处理前，差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。结论    4组喷砂粉均能有效清除牙菌斑，PT-S2组赤藓糖醇喷砂粉及PT-S3组甘氨酸喷砂粉的颗粒轮廓较为圆钝，喷砂处理后牙面光滑。

关键词: 喷砂洁治, 菌斑指数, 牙釉质, 粗糙度