Abstract:

Objective　To observe and analyze the clinical efficacy of implant restoration in patients with chronic periodontitis in the posterior area at five years after treatment. Methods　A total of 120 patients（232 implants）who were implanted and repaired in the posterior area at the Oral Implantology Center of Affiliated Dental Hospital of China Medical University from 2012 to 2013 were collected，including 67 patients（112 implants）with chronic periodontitis（periodontitis group）. Another 53 patients（120 implants）without periodontitis were included in the study （control group）. At 5 years after superstructure repair，the periodontal conditions and the bone resorption at the edge of the implants of the two groups were compared. The bone resorption was compared between implants and adjacent natural teeth，and between smoking and non-smoking patients in the periodontitis group.  Results　At 5 years after repair of the superstructure，the success rate of implants in the periodontitis group and the control group was 100%. The periodontal probing depth，gingival index and plaque index of the periodontitis group were higher than those of the control group，but the difference was not statistically significant（P > 0.05）. The bone resorption in the periodontitis group and the control group was（0.89 ± 0.68）mm and（0.56 ± 0.35）mm，respectively，and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant （t = 3.338，P < 0.05）. The bone resorption of the periodontitis group was much higher than that of adjacent natural teeth ［（0.45 ± 0.32）mm］，and the difference was statistically significant（t = 4.172，P < 0.05）. In the smokers，the bone resorption was（1.23 ± 0.75）mm，which was higher than that of the non-smoking patients ［（0.62 ± 0.48）mm］，and the difference was statistically significant（t = 5.763，P < 0.05）. Conclusion　The 5-year success rate and periodontal index of implant restoration in patients with chronic periodontitis are not different from those of the patients with healthy periodontal condition，but the bone resorption at the edge of implant is significantly increased，and smoking increases bone resorption at the edge of implant.

Key words: periodontitis, implant restoration, clinical efficacy

摘要：

目的　观察并分析慢性牙周炎患者后牙区种植修复后5年的临床疗效。方法　选取2012—2013年于中国医科大学附属口腔医院种植中心行后牙区种植修复的患者120例，共计患牙232颗，其中慢性牙周炎患者67例为牙周炎组，种植修复患牙112颗；牙周健康患者53例为对照组，种植修复患牙120颗。上部结构修复5年后，比较两组种植体的牙周情况及边缘骨吸收情况。在牙周炎组中，比较种植体与相邻天然牙及吸烟与非吸烟患者的边缘骨吸收情况。结果　上部结构修复5年后，牙周炎组和对照组种植体成功率均为100%。牙周炎组种植体牙周探诊深度、牙龈指数及牙菌斑指数均较对照组高，但差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。牙周炎组和对照组种植体边缘骨吸收量分别为（0.89 ± 0.68）mm和（0.56 ± 0.35）mm，差异有统计学意义（t = 3.338，P < 0.05）；牙周炎组种植体种植体边缘骨吸收量明显大于相邻天然牙边缘骨吸收量［（0.45 ± 0.32）mm］，差异有统计学意义（t = 4.172，P < 0.05）；牙周炎组吸烟患者的种植体边缘骨吸收量［（1.23 ± 0.75）mm］大于非吸烟患者［（0.62 ± 0.48）mm］，差异有统计学意义（t = 5.763，P < 0.05）。结论　与牙周健康患者相比，慢性牙周炎患者后牙区种植修复后5年的种植体成功率和牙周情况无差异，但边缘骨吸收量明显增加，且吸烟可增加慢性牙周炎患者种植体边缘骨吸收量。

关键词: 牙周炎, 种植修复, 临床疗效