关键词: 上颌骨, 解剖, 缺损, 分类, 修复

Abstract: The maxilla is a morphologically complex bone and plays a key role in speech，swallowing，and mastication. The complex 3-dimensional anatomy of this multifunctional region presents not only a challenge of surgical or prosthetic techniques to restoring the preoperative state but also difficulties with the development of a uniformly accepted classification system of maxillary defects. Low defects that involve less than 50% of the transverse palate can be reconstructed effectively with a prosthetic obturator. For the more extensive maxillary defects，composite flaps and/or implant-borne dental prosthesis is required. Several classification systems commonly used for describing the maxillary defects and prosthetic and reconstructive options for these defects will be introduced in this paper.

Key words: maxilla, anatomy, defect, classification, reconstruction