Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the characteristics of health-related risky behaviors in adolescents with High Functioning Autism（HFA）. Methods　Fifty adolescents aged 12-18 years，IQ≥70 and meeting the criteria of autistic disorder in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders，Fourth Edition（DSM-Ⅳ），and 50 age- and gender- matched healthy controls were recruited. The health-related risky behaviors of all subjects were assessed with the Adolescents Health-related Risky Behavior Inventory（AHRBI）. The parents of autistic subjects completed the Adolescents Health-related Risky Behavior Inventory for Parent（AHRBI-P）. Results　HFA group had higher total scale score and four subscales’ scores of AHRBI than controls，including Suicide and Self-Injury（SS），Health-Compromising Behavior（HCB），Aggression and Violence（AV） and Rule Breaking（RB）（all P＜0.05）. HFA group had higher scores than controls in the items of "Bullying/Threatening/Intimidating partner"，"Deliberately pushing and shoving others"，"Not drinking milk/soy milk"，"Not participating in any form of physical activity"，"Skiping class/Playing truant"，"Running away from home"，"Biting/Scratching/Bumping to hurt oneself"（all P＜0.05）. Among all the subscales and items，the scores of HCB，SS，"Not drinking milk/soy milk"，"Physical discomfort due to dieting"，"Fighting and Arms-taking" and "Drinking" of self-assessment in HFA group were higher than those of parents’ assessment（all P＜0.05］. Conclusion　The adolescents with HFA have more health-related risky behaviors than the healthy adolescents except for Smoking and Drinking（SD） and Unprotected sex（US）.

Key words: adolescents, high functioning autism, health-related risky behaviors, cross-sectional studies

摘要：

目的    探讨高功能孤独症青少年健康相关危险行为特点。方法　2017年4月至11月于北京大学第六医院门诊或病房诊治的高功能孤独症患儿50例，均符合《美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第4版（DSM-Ⅳ）孤独症诊断标准，年龄12～18岁，智商均≥70分。选取同性别、年龄相匹配的正常青少年50名作为对照组。两组均完成青少年健康相关危险行为问卷（AHRBI）评定，同时由孤独症组家长完成青少年健康相关危险行为问卷父母版的评定。结果　高功能孤独症组AHRBI自评问卷总分与自杀自伤行为、健康妥协行为、攻击与暴力行为及破坏纪律行为4项因子评分均高于正常对照组（P均＜0.05）。在所有条目中，高功能孤独症组欺负、威胁、恐吓伙伴，故意对他人打、挤、推、踢，不喝牛奶或豆浆，不参加任何体育活动，逃课或逃学，离家出走，伤害自己项目评分高于正常对照组（P均＜0.05）。高功能孤独症组健康妥协行为总分、自杀自伤行为总分以及不喝牛奶或豆浆行为、因节食而出现躯体不适、斗殴、随身携带武器、饮酒作乐或喝醉酒条目自评分均高于家长评定结果（P均＜0.05）。 结论　高功能孤独症青少年存在较多健康相关危险行为，除吸烟、饮酒和无保护性行为较少外，其他健康相关危险行为均多于正常青少年。

关键词: 青少年, 高功能孤独症, 健康相关危险行为, 横断面研究