Abstract: Pulmonary vascular blood volume accounts for about 9% of the cardiovascular system and plays an important role in maintaining the stability of human respiratory function and cardiac circulation. Congenital developmental abnormalities of pulmonary vasculatures and disorders of anatomical and physiological functions can lead to pulmonary vascular diseases，such as pulmonary hypertension，pulmonary embolism，pulmonary vasculitis，etc. Therefore，understanding the development and anatomical physiology of pulmonary vasculatures is essential to the study of the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular diseases.

Key words: pulmonary vasculature, development, anatomy, physiology

摘要： 肺血管血容量约占心血管系统的9%，对维持人体呼吸功能和心脏循环的稳定起着重要作用。肺血管的先天发育异常和解剖生理功能的紊乱均可导致肺血管疾病，如肺动脉高压、肺栓塞、肺血管炎等。因此，了解肺血管的发育及解剖生理学特征对肺血管疾病的发病机制研究至关重要。

关键词: 肺血管, 发育, 解剖, 生理