Abstract:

Acute kidney injury（AKI） is a common syndrome. Serum creatinine and urine output are the most commonly used in clinical evaluation of kidney injury，but they are poor markers for early diagnosis of AKI，which results in delayed treatment and high mortality. Research in AKI has focused on identifying biomarkers for early detection. Since AKI in children and adults is not the same，investigation is needed to explore the role of potential biomarkers for prediction of AKI in pediatric cohorts. This review serves to update the topic of promising AKI biomarkers and focuses on pediatric biomarker’s advantages and limitations to improve early detection in children.

Key words: acute kidney injury, biomarkers, early diagnosis, predictive value

摘要：

急性肾损伤（acute kidney injury，AKI）是一种临床常见的综合征。目前国内外临床上对肾损伤的评估仍然依赖于血肌酐和尿量的变化，缺乏有效的生物标志物来早期识别，导致治疗延迟，AKI病死率居高不下。寻找理想的生物标志物，实现AKI早期诊治是亟待解决的临床实际问题。儿童AKI与成人相比具有一定特殊性，已发现的AKI生物学标志物是否适用于儿童及新生儿尚需进一步验证。文章通过对颇具儿科临床应用前景的几种AKI生物标志物及其作为早期识别AKI标志物的优点和局限性进行综述，为儿童AKI的早期诊断提供方向。

关键词: 急性肾损伤, 生物标志物, 早期诊断, 预测价值