中国实用儿科杂志

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儿童高血压精准诊治

  

  1. 中国医科大学附属盛京医院小儿心内科, 辽宁   沈阳  110004
  • 出版日期:2016-08-06 发布日期:2016-08-02

Precision diagnosis and treatment of pediatric hypertension

  1. Department of Pediatric Cardiology,Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang  110004,China
  • Online:2016-08-06 Published:2016-08-02

摘要:

儿童高血压比较常见,而且随着食谱的变化,肥胖儿童逐渐增加,原发性高血压的发病率亦正在增加。儿童高血压的治疗分为非药物治疗与药物治疗,大多数原发性高血压儿童通过非药物治疗即可达到血压控制目标,包括改善食谱、控制体质量和有氧运动。症状性高血压、靶器官损害或合并糖尿病时,应开始药物治疗。抗高血压药物的选择应根据高血压的病因和比较药物的副反应来决定。降压药开始应该用起始剂量,逐渐增加到血压控制满意,即升阶梯疗法。达到最大推荐剂量疗效仍不满意,可以添加另一种药物。

关键词: 高血压, 儿童, 治疗

Abstract:

Hypertension in children is common, and the prevalence of primary hypertension and number of children with obesity are  increasing with the changing dietary choices. The treatment mainly includes the non-drug treatment and the drug treatment. Dietary modification, such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension(DASH) diet, weight control, and regular aerobic exercise are the cornerstones of therapy for primary hypertension. For symptomatic hypertension,or when diabetes mellitus or target organ damage appears drug treatment is necessary. Specific medication choice for hypertension management is determined by the underlying cause of hypertension and the comparative adverse effect profiles. Antihypertensive medication should be initiated at a starting dose and gradually increased to effective dose. If it’s ineffective at a maximum dose,an additional medication can be added.

Key words:  , hypertension;child;management