中国实用儿科杂志

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2007—2013年上海南翔医院急性呼吸道感染患儿咽拭病毒谱季节流行特征分析

  

  1. 1.上海市嘉定区南翔医院儿科,上海  201802;2.中国科学院上海巴斯德研究所病原诊断中心,上海  200025;3.上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院儿科,上海  200025
  • 出版日期:2016-03-06 发布日期:2016-03-09

Epidemiological characteristics of viral spectrum detected by throat swab: A consecutive study on children with acute respiratory infections from 2007 to 2013 in Nanxiang Hospital in Shanghai

  1. *Department of Pediatrics,Shanghai Jiading Nanxiang Hospital, Shanghai  201802,China
  • Online:2016-03-06 Published:2016-03-09

摘要:

目的    根据急性呼吸道感染儿童的呼吸道咽拭标本病毒检出季节分布情况分析呼吸道病毒季节分布特征。方法 回顾性分析2007—2013年上海市嘉定区南翔医院儿科门诊连续每周采集急性呼吸道感染患儿咽拭子标本4389例。通过RT-PCR法检测出流感病毒A型325例、 B型128例, 人偏肺病毒67例, 呼吸道合胞病毒320例, 副流感病毒1~4型274例, 人肠道病毒105例, 鼻病毒72例, 冠状病毒105例, 人博卡病毒118例和人腺病毒146例。根据病毒检出的季节、月份分布,分析各病毒的季节流行病学特征。结果 4389例咽拭标本中,病毒检出1526例,总阳性率为34.8%,其中FLU-A型检出率最高(7.4%,325/4389),其次为RSV(7.3%,320/4389)、ADV(3.3%,146/4389)、PIV-1(2.9%,128/4389)。部分呼吸道病毒有明显季节流行特点。2007—2012年,FLU-A在每年的8月至次年的2月、3月检出明显增多,夏末至冬季是流感病毒的好发季节。在PIV病毒属中以1型检出最多,其在夏季检出率最高。结论 在上海地区冬季是RSV、 FLU-B、 HBOV等多种病毒的好发季节; FLU-A在夏末至冬季是好发季节, 夏季是流行高峰; PIV-1呈现夏季流行高峰; 秋季RSV开始流行至冬季检出高峰, 呈现隔年高峰的现象。

关键词: 儿童, 呼吸道感染, 呼吸道病毒, 季节

Abstract:

Objective    To analyze the seasonal variation of viral spectrum detected by throat swab in children with respiratory infections. Methods    Totally 4389 throat swab samples were collected weekly at the Pediatric Outpatient Department between 2007 and 2013 in Shanghai Jiading Nanxiang Hospital. Totally 325 cases of influenza A and 128 cases of influenza B viruses(FLU-A,B),67 human metapneumoviruses(HMPV),320 respiratory syncytial viruses(RSV),274 parainfluenza viruses(PIV) 1-4,105 human enteroviruses(EV),72 human rhinoviruses(HRV),105 coronaviruses(Cov),118 human Boca virus(HBOV) and 146 human adenoviruses(ADV) were identified by RT-PCR. Results    Viruses were detected in 1526(34.8%) throat swab samples. FLU-A was detected mostly, in 7.4%(325/4389) samples,followed by RSV 7.3%(320/4389), ADV 3.3%(146/4389),and PIV-1 2.9%(128/4389). Between 2007 and 2012,the rate of FLU-A detection peaked between August and February-March,and PIV-1 was the most frequently detected PIV,peaking in summer. Conclusion    In Shanghai winter is the peak season for viruses such as RSV,FLU-B and HBOV. FLU-A is frequently detected between late summer and winter,peaking in summer. Epidemics of PIV-1 also peak in summer. RSV incidence increases in autumn and peaks in winter,presenting an epidemic phenomena of peaking every other year.

Key words: child, respiratory infection, respiratory viruses, season