关键词: 肠外营养, 营养液, 处方, 营养素配比, 稳定性, 配伍

Abstract: Standardized prescription, review, and use of parenteral nutrition solution        CHEN Lian-zhen. National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing100021, China
Abstract    Parenteral nutrition solution contains more than 10 types of nutrients, including amino acids, glucose, fat emulsion, electrolytes, trace elements, vitamins, etc. To ensure its safety and effectiveness, physicians should not only grasp the metabolic and nutritional needs of patients, including parenteral nutrition components, three major macronutrient preparations, calorie and nonprotein calorie to nitrogen ratio, micronutrients, total fluid volume, and osmotic pressure; It is also necessary to understand the factors that affect the stability of parenteral nutrition solution, to avoid fat emulsion cracking, small molecule compound precipitation, degradation and adsorption of active ingredients, and so on; Pharmacists should also take on responsibilities for formulation review and compounding, carefully review the proportions of various nutritional components, make prescriptions more standardized, compatible and stable, and prepare in the correct order; Nurses should infuse and use correctly. Biochemical indicators and complications should be closely monitored to ensure the safety of parenteral nutrition.

Key words: parenteral nutrition, nutrition solution, prescription, nutrient ratio, stability, compatibility