中国实用外科杂志

• 论蓍 • 上一篇    下一篇

甲状腺再次手术中喉返神经实时监测与常规显露临床对比研究

刘昆鹏代文杰   

  1. 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院甲状腺乳腺外科,黑龙江哈尔滨150001
  • 出版日期:2016-12-01 发布日期:2016-12-01

  • Online:2016-12-01 Published:2016-12-01

摘要:

目的    比较甲状腺再次手术中喉返神经实时监测与常规显露的差异,探讨术中喉返神经监测在甲状腺再次手术中应用的临床价值。 方法    回顾性分析2014年5月至2016年5月于哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院甲状腺乳腺外科接受甲状腺再次手术118例病人资料。其中应用术中喉返神经监测联合肉眼识别保护且术前电子喉镜检查正常者45例(神经监测组),采用随机数表法,按照1:1对照原则,选取常规显露保护喉返神经且术前电子喉镜检查正常者45例为对照组(常规显露组)。比较分析两组病人在喉返神经识别率、确认识别时间、术后暂时性喉返神经损伤、永久性喉返神经损伤、术中出血量以及术后引流量的差异。 结果    应用喉返神经常规显露肉眼识别保护法,喉返神经顺利识别39例(86.7%),确认识别时间为(3.4±0.9)min;余6例(13.3%)常规显露未顺利识别喉返神经,经术中细致解剖确认喉返神经时间延长至(16.5±3.2)min,应用神经监测联合肉眼识别保护,喉返神经识别率为100%,确认识别时间为(2.2±0.8)min;暂时性及永久性喉返神经损伤率在神经监测组较常规显露组低,分别为6.7% vs. 22.2%(P<0.05),0 vs. 2.2%(P>0.05);神经监测组术中出血量及术后引流量较常规显露组少,分别为(12.2±2.9)mL vs.(13.1±1.8)mL(P>0.05),(40.6±2.8)mL vs.(50.8±3.2)mL(P<0.05)。结论    甲状腺再次手术中,术中喉返神经监测较常规显露能加快完成喉返神经的确认识别,提高喉返神经的识别率,有效降低暂时性喉返神经损伤率,并且减少术后引流量,有利于术后恢复,在喉返神经周围危险区操作时,连续实时监测发现肌电信号振幅的危险改变,增加手术安全性。

关键词: 甲状腺, 喉返神经实时监测, 再次手术, 喉返神经损伤, 显露

Abstract:

A clinical comparative study of real-time recurrent laryngeal nerve moniroring versus conventional exposure during reoperation of thyroid gland        LIU Kun-peng, DAI Wen-jie. Department of Thyroid-breast-cell-transplantation Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin150001,China
Corresponding author:DAI Wen-jie,E-mail:davidhmu@163.com
Abstract    Objective    To compare the difference between real-time recurrent laryngeal nerve(RLN) monitoring and routine exposure, and investigate the clinical value of intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring (IONM) during reoperative thyroid surgery. Methods    The clinical data of 118 patients underwent a reoperation for thyroid in Department of Thyroid-breast-cell-transplantation Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from May 2014 to May 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 45 patients with normal preoperative laryngoscope result who were reoperated with IONM combined with the naked eye recognition and protection—the nerve monitoring group. The 45 patients with normal preoperative laryngoscope result who were reoperated by using the method of exposing RLN routinely were selected as the control group—routine exposure group via the random number table method and the principle of 1:1. Recognition rate of RLN, confirming the identification time, transient RLN injury, permanent RLN injury, intraoperative blood loss and the amount of postoperative drainage were compared and analyzed. Results    In routine exposure group,  RLN was identificated successfully in 39 patients, and the confirmation time is (3.4±0.9) min. The remaining 6 patients (13.3%) had not successfully identified the RLN. Through careful dissection during the operation, confirmation time of RLN was prolonged to (16.5±3.2) min. Through the application of the neural monitoring combined with naked eye recognition, the recognition rate of RLN was 100%, and confirmation time was (2.2±0.8) min. Temporary and permanent RLN injury rate in the nerve monitoring group was lower than that in the conventional exposure group:6.7% vs. 22.2% (P<0.05), 0 vs. 2.2% (P>0.05). Intraoperative blood loss and the amount of postoperative drainage in the nerve monitoring group were less than those in the routine exposure group:(12.2±2.9)mL vs.(13.1±1.8)mL(P>0.05),(40.6±2.8)mL vs.(50.8±3.2)mL(P<0.05). Conclusion    Compared with the conventional exposure, IONM can speed up the recognition of RLN during reoperation of thyroid gland, improve the recognition rate of RLN,reduce the rate of RLN injury and the amount of postoperative drainage. When the dangerous area of RLN is operated,changes in the amplitude of EMG signals can be found by continuous real-time monitoring to ensure the safety of the operation.

Key words: thyroid, real time monitoring of recurrent laryngeal nerve, reoperation, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, exposure